Ramesses XI (1098–1070)

The reign of Ramesses XI:

In all probability not really the king of 2 lands – Egypt was pretty broke up by this period. Almost envoys sent to Thebes by the pharaoh to stabilize affairs tended to take hold as rulers. The (Year of the Hyena) – shortage – on his rule.

Vicereine of Nubia, Panhesy, abutted north with Nubian flocks, to restore govern in Thebes – which may have been on the pharaoh behalf, or on his possess. Panhesy usurped the office of (Overseer of Granaries), which intensified into civil war in the 17-19th year of Ramessess rule. The high Priest of Amun was besieged at Medinet Habu.

Took hold after a detectable rise in power of the Priests of Thebes, believably not a combined Egypt to his ascending.

The last pharaoh of the Rameside line and the concluding ruler of Dynasty twenty, Rameses XI reigned over a seriously attenuated country. Tomb lootings were rife, a series of abject Niles caused famine, and civil war belched in Thebes.

The central capital of Rameses XI:

Rameses XI’s central capital was situated at Tanis, in the central Delta, and power at Thebes appears to have been assumed by the priests of the temple of Amon at Karnak. At last, Rameses XI baffled his already-weakened power (though he held his royal championships) at the High Priest of Amon, Herihor, reigned southern Egypt and Smendes, maybe his son, reigned northward.

KV4 is ascribed to Rameses XI, but the tomb was never completed and the pharaoh’s mummy has never been discovered.

Ramesses XI was the 10th and the concluding king of the 20th Dynasty also the New Kingdom. The ruled of this king was a time period of agitation. Ramesses was not a very gumptious or critical ruler. The vicereine of Nubia, Panehsi, broke down from Elephantine to Thebes to attempt to stop the agitation that was bobbing up from contention over the area that was between the high priest of Amon and other people.

At the like time there was a famine and was anticipated (the Year of the Hyena). Hrihor was departed in Thebes by Panehsi to ascendance the affairs on that point. He soon accepted the character of the high priest of Amon and finally got the vizier also. This was the case of the eventual fall of Panehsi. Panehsi rebelled and arrested Egypt's supremacy in Nubia.

Hrihor administrated the affairs of Egypt although Ramesses XI rested in privacy. Upon the death of Ramesses, Hrihor and Smendes carved up Egypt between themselves. Ramesses was technically Pharaoh of Egypt till his death, just Hrihor was the ruler of Upper Egypt for all hardheaded aims. Ramesses' death branded the close of the 20th Dynasty and the New Kingdom. His tomb is placed in the Valley of the Kings.

Ramesses XI Monuments signs:

Tomb of Ramesses XI (KV4) at The Valley of the kings;

- Afford since antiquity (though not now) and arrests Greek, Latin, Demotic, Egyptian, Coptic and French and English graffiti on the surrounds. Applied as a workshop on the twenty-first dynasty by Pinudjesm to strip the funerary gear from KV20, KV34 and VK38. when actuating the mummies.

- Abidance and stalls in the Christian period. It was applied as storage room by Carter and dining hall although he worked on the tomb of King Tut.

- No attest of water flooding, there's a break between the columns and roof - believably a result of the dehydration of the limestone. An ancient amend was made to the debut, with a lot of beams in situ to abide the ceiling. There are big breaks in the upper surrounds of the corridor and the plaster has accrued.

- Close royal tomb to be constructed in the valley of the kings. Differently, not so charging.

- Corridor followed by a absorb descending enactment with a 2nd and 3rd corridor before the ritual well (unadorned and unfinished). Abided by by a pillared hall and a incline to the unfinished burying chamber. The pillars inside the burial chamber are rectangular, not feather and the ceiling is domed.

- No roadblocks in the tomb, but a lot of pivot holes for doorways.

- Shaft inside the burial chamber [14 x 10 ft] consecutive down besides the common sarcophagus.

- Only medallions are on the doorway between the becharm and 1st corridor.

- The first corridor, besotted in yellow, has abstracts only (in red, so no flush the “adjusted” ones).

- Pinudjem amended the tomb, and it was accepted he intended to be entombed here. Intrusive details from his refurbishment and hiving up were discovered. Details admit a blue faience vessel with the Horus call of Tuthmosis and Ramesses II, begilded gesso from the coffin of Thuthmosis III, funerary statues of Tuthmosis III, breaks up of the coffin of Hatshepsut, and barbs of Ramesses IV.

- Intrusive buryings, also, evidenced by the rests of a twenty-second dynasty coffin and bones of 3 bodies. They were discovered in the shaft of the burying chamber. Copts as well absorbed the tomb.

Related Posts:

Ramesses VIII (1133–1126)
Ramesses IX (1126–1108)
Ramesses X (1108–1098)

Ramesses X (1108–1098)

The reign of Ramesses X:

Workers came about affect for lack of earningses during his rule.

Most nothing is acknowledged of Rameses X, who reigned for maybe 3 years, save for some brief acknowledgments in texts at Karnak. It's conceivable that KV18 was abbreviate for this swayer.

Ramesses X was the 9th king of the 20th Dynasty. On his rule the workers advanced strike for earningses not paid. There are few perfect memorials of Ramesses that have came through. He left hand a tomb in the Valley of the Kings.

Burial Position:

Rock-cut tomb at Thebes in The Valley of the Kings - tomb 18. Ramesses X mummy has never been discovered.

Ramesses X Monuments signs:

Ramesses X tomb (KV18) in The Valley of the Kings:

- In the south-west wadi

- Bare and only recently absolved. Brought down by Pococke in 1700s, just no funerary material has been ascertained and the foundation alluviations found by Carter weren't autographed. The MISR project absolved the tomb in 1998 and bears on work.

- An entrance and two corridors. It was open on antiquity before being fulfilled with mud and debris.

The frontage is very big, some 10cm wider than the former king. It's simple, with little gradient. A carved up staircase and an initial corridor. The rulers of ancient Egypt names is on the doorposts and breaks.

- First corridor was barred by the electric lighting facilities for the Valley, which were established in 1904. He had the walls glossed over and a level base constructed for the begetting equipment. He added up holding walls and roofing a few of which rest today. The corridor was primitively in full cut and adorned.

- He 2nd corridor was barred by a modern wall the has been bared away. There are approximate steps to the deserted workface. The ceiling has broke.

- Brief decoration remains. Owed to water flooding the becharm movie of the king kneel on either face of the sun disk is baffled. Most of the cataplasm and paint have dropped away. Only a small assign of the left wall remains, along with modern European grafitti dating back 1623—1905. Other badly besmirched scenes have left deciphers. No medal sin the 2nd corridor.

Related Posts:

Ramesses VII (1133–1126)
Ramesses VIII (1133–1126)
Ramesses IX (1126–1108)

Ramesses IX (1126–1108)

The reign of Ramesses IX:

Ramesses IX the king of the 20th Dynasty. Judicial documents record pursuance of tomb robbers accompanying a breakdown so at Thebes.

On his 18 year reign, Rameses IX brought in a number of successful tries to restore Egypt’s power and wealth. The texts of his time mention to travels in Asia and Nubia. He as well ordered copious constructing activity at Karnak (in Luxor) and Heliopolis.


It was on Rameses IX’s rule that tomb robbing in the Valley of the Kings got so embarrassingly basic that an review of the royal tombs was accomplished. The consequence of the investigating was that a amount of thieves were apprehended and tried (in renal years nine and sixteen) and the mummies of many royal mummies were acted from their vandalised tombs to TT 320, a belittled tomb in the Dayr al Bahri cirque. They rested there till they were discovered and fleeced by thieves at the close of the 19th century.

Rameses IX was entombed in KV6, placed in the centre of the Valley of the Kings.

His mummy was absented from the tomb in the Dynasty twenty-one reign of Pinedjem II and expanded the Dayr al Bahri hoard.

Ramesses IX was the 8th pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty. He's believed to have ruled for about 17 or more years. On his reign, there was a dirt in which the tombs in the Theban burial ground were being fleeced. There were as well campaigns by Libyan brigands. He had a son, Montuherkhopshef, who didn't live to follow Ramesses. His grave was discovered in the Valley of the Kings.

Burial Position:

Scandal of the grave robbers in Thebes on his reign. His grave is a rock cut grave in Thebes (in The Valley of the Kings - tomb 6).

Ramesses IX Monuments signs:

The tomb of Prince Menthuher-Khepshef:

* Prince Menthuher-Khepshef the son of Ramses IX

* This tomb discovered in 1817

* Primitively intended for Ramses VIII but absorbed by among the princes alternatively

* Very astray opening with bemock door, across 3.6 meter

* Amidst the most technically fantabulous in the Valley of the Kings

* KV6 Tomb in the Valley of the Kings.

* Among the last pharaohs of the twenty dynasty.

* Initial aspects of sunken alleviation get flat paintings

* Abused corridor

* The burial chamber of the tomb is well cognised for (Book of Night) in yellow on the dark backcloth

* the tomb sarcophagus is escaping

* Beginning tomb bumped with the valley.

* Bare tomb, though the artwork is concerning.

* Afford since antiquity and visited by a lot of ancient tourists – 46 of which left dedications in the tomb. It was researched by Henry Salt , and was absolved in 1888 through George Daressy

* Corridor with treads on either face to a true corridor with two extensions (one never accomplished), abided by by a 2nd and third corridor and antechamber. There's no ritual barb A four-pillard hall leads to a abruptly corridor and the burial room, which has no extensions.

* It's conceivable the curial chamber was entailed to be additional corridor, and only convinced when the king died. There's a two-tiered pit in the floor, just no sarcophagus.

* Headers have the criterion sun-disk-Isis-Nephthys. The art is alike to Ramesses VI while the corridors have the Litany or Re alternatively of the Book of Gates. The 1st corridors artwork were acted while hw as live, and the lesser prime work was acted afterward.

* Burial chamber has a appraised ceiling with Nut and enactments from the the Book of the Night and the Book of the Day.

* Ramesses IX mummy was discovered in the 1881 Dier-el-Bahri cache, in a coffin primitively prepared for Neskhons, married woman of Pinudjem II

Related Posts:

Ramesses IV (1151-1145)
Ramesses VII (1133–1126)
Ramesses VIII (1133–1126)

Ramesses VIII (1133–1126)

The reign of Ramesses VIII:

Rameses VIII reigned for less than a year. He's acted only once, in a advance of princes in the perfect memorial temple of King Ramesses III at Madinat Habu, where his anatomy was fall back with the royal uraeus and additional royal raiment.

Rameses VIII may have been a late son among the kings of twenty Dynasty, but there appears little opportunity that he's to be described as a son of Pharaoh Rameses III, as well known by the call Sethherkhepeshef Mery-Amen, who was entombed in the Valley of the Queens in (QV43).

No tomb is acknowledged for Rameses VIII; just some Egyptologists think that KV19, applied for the burial of Prince Mentuherkhepeshef, could have primitively been designated for him.

King Ramesses VIII was the 7th king of the 20th Dynasty and was believably Ramesses III's son. Ramesses VIII mummy has never been discovered and all that rests of his rule is a dedication at Medinet Habu and some plaques. His grave was discovered but was very humble.

Burial Position:

The Burial position is Unknown, but tour Egypt tells ‘found but humble’. The mummy of Ramesses VIII has never been determined.

Ramesses VIII Monuments signs:

The tomb of Ramesses VIII (KV1) at The Valley of the Kings:

* Afford since antiquity – leastways Romans Greek periods.

* Referred in the last nineteenth century, but no info about the acquitting earlier than 1906. It was as well excavated afterward 1952 by the Egyptian ancientnesses dept.

* Acted by Edwin Brock as 1984, and refurbishment by the SCA in 1994 (which covered some ancient graffiti with cataplasm to fill breaks, and so on) No base deposits were detected.

* First corridor has a lot of breaks, but the plaster appears integral.

* Much littler tomb than his predecessors, with just one corridor and a burial chamber, with an bare room beyond. The delicately quality of the alleviation indicate that a belittled tomb was designed, since it was empathised that Ramesses VII might not have many time to accomplished it.

* Decorations alike to KV9 (Ramesses VI), there are some fluctuations: Osiris is much boasted here.

* A few of the blue pigments have attenuate/fallen away, just the outer lintel was adorned with the sun disk and arrests a scarab, flanked through Isis and Nephthys.l On the left side of the corridor, the king bids Re-Horakhty-Atyn-Kkhepri, on the right side to Ptah-Sokar-Osiris. Additional in are chapters of the Book of Caverns and Book of Gates.

* There's no well-room or anteroom – the corridor leads consecutive to the sarcophagus room. The sarcophagus is adorned with aspects of the Book of Aker (the doubled headed lion acting the horizon) Nut braces the ceiling of the room.

* A belittled unfinished chamber with a corner is beyond, with the header display the Braque of the sun with baboon of the (Book of Gates).

* Sarcophagus cut at once to the floor of the chamber and a rock covering was localized over the hole. It's shaped alike a cartouche and adorned with anatomies of Nephthys, Selkis and the 4 sons of Horus in green blusher.

* The tomb was cycled/recycled by Copts.

* Mummy hasn't yet been discovered. He perhaps one of the unknown bodies from the DB320 hoard.

Related Posts:

Setnakht (1185—1070)
Ramesses IV (1151-1145)
Ramesses VII (1133–1126)

Ramesses VII (1133–1126)

The reign of Ramesses VII:

Nothing is acknowledged of this son of Rameses VI exclude that he reigned for 7 years of economic asperity.

King Ramesses VII is believably the son of Ramesses VI and was the 6th Pharaoh of the 20th Dynasty. He constructed a tomb in the Valley of the Kings, but at that place no other monuments signs that he constructed. He did have a son that didn't live to follow him.

Burial Position:

Rock-cut tomb in Thebes (The Valley of the Kings tomb 1). King Rameses VII was buried in (KV1) but no mummy has been discovered that can be distinguished as his.

Ramesses VII Monuments signs:

His tomb in The Valley of the Kings:

- Afford for centuries, allots of Romans Greek and graffiti

- Bright paint colors are ascribable refurbishment.

- It's reopened around 1995

- Arrests an curious figure buried by cartouches.

- Is not visited a lot.

- Afterward style, horizontal grave

- Described with aspects from the (Book of Gates)

- Sky and configurations on ceiling, and calender of banquets

Related Posts:

KV2, The tomb of Ramesses IV
Setnakht (1185—1070)
Ramesses IV (1151-1145)

Ramesses IV (1151-1145)

The reign of Ramesses IV:

Ramesses IV directed 8368 workmen (admitting 2000 soldiers) to wadi hammamet to beat stone for statues. Soldiers were to hold the workmen, not champion them. He doubled up the work forc at Deir el Medina in Luxor. He may have domiciled over the "Harem Conspiracy" courtyard

King Rameses IV, the son of King Rameses III, came up to the throne chair on a period while Egypt had come down on hard times. There is no certify that he assayed, or was capable, to bushel its wealth and outside authority. Texts of his rule speak of social agitation, rising crime, and economic decay.

Even so, Rameses IV did order copious work in various stone and turquoise quarries, and he constructed pluses to temples at and Thebes of Egypt , Heliopolis and Abydos raised a lot of statues at that place.

His possess memorial temple rested near Dayr al Madinah. His tomb, KV2, was entrenched the Valley of the Kings. Afterward, in Dynasty twenty-one, his body was acted with many other royal mummies to KV35 for keeping.

King Ramesses IV was the son of King Ramesses III. His rule endured no more than 6 years. He did endure the harem confederacy which was contrived to spoil his arrogates to the throne chair. He based a document in the grave of his father which is now called the Papyrus Harris I, that affords an complicate account of the rule of Ramesses III. Pharaoh Ramesses IV is believed to have been in his mid-forties when he got king. There are 2 stele that were discovered at Abydos by Mariette that exalt his piety and exceeding devotion to the deities. The quarrying of the rock is told to have convoluted over than 8000 people.

Ramesses IV did the high-priest Mont , as well as other adequate to officials and scribes to bring down the locate. There were 5000 soldiers that were most expected sent to haul the vast stones across the rough desert routes. He's as well known for the continuance of the Khonsu at Karnak, which was started by his father, Ramesses III.

A temple at Asasif, which is on the westerly bank of the River Nile at Thebes, was put up by Ramesses. Ramesses' grave was discovered in the Valley of the Kings and his mummy is at present in the Cairo Museum. The rests indicate that Ramesses was a belittled man who was bare, had a long nose and fine teeth.

Burial Position:

king Ramesses IV rock cut grave in Thebes (Valley of the Kings Tomb 2). His Body ascertained in the royal cache in tomb KV35 and isn't in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo Egypt.

Ramesses IV Monuments:

Almost Monuments of Ramesses IV in KV2 Tomb (Ther Valley of the Kings): there's a lot of the appeal of King Ramesses VI, and lower crowded. Besides pollyannaish colors, just poor carving, abundant Greek and Coptic graffito and ping granite sarcophagus

Big tomb, but very bare. Hived up the mummy in the grave of Amenophis II. The archetype plans, absorbed on papyrus papers, are in the Museum of Turin.

Dissimilar from almost royal tombs, as Ramesses IV carried the throne chair afterward his father’s assassination, in a period time economic decay.

- Was acknowledged early one, and applied as a kind of “hotel” by betimes explorers. It was besides a Coptic Christian abode and was visited often in antiquity. Heaps of Greek and Coptic graffito

- 2 sketched contrives of the toms are acknowledged, the most accomplished and famous are in the Turin papyri.

- Very fiddling slope from the first depart of the tomb to the rear. Becharm has split stairses on either face of a ramp, affording to a first, 2nd, and 3rd corridors. The concluding corridor directs to a small antechamber and so to the burial chamber. There are some belittled annexes off the burial chamber, but additional than that, no sidelong annexes in the grave. The corridors are vast – some 10ft astray and 15 feet high, much bigger than normal.

- The frontage has the kings enthronement scenes and the corridors bear the Litany of Re. The cap is vultures, falcons, and flew scarabs.

- 3rd corridor has scenes of the Book of Caverns with stars on the ceiling, which later gets domed.

- The belittled burial chamber is closely filled up with the sarcophagus – it is outstandingly large. The chamber is adorned with the 2nd, 3rd, and fourth hours of the Book fo Gates. The ceiling is adorned with two big paintings of Nut besides the constellations, and aspects from the book of the dark.

- No mainstays in the tomb. No aspects from the Amduat.

- Fiddling funerary gear found, although the sarcophagus was barged in and left ajar. Nine foundation alluviations

Related Posts:

KV1, The tomb of Ramesses VII
KV2, The tomb of Ramesses IV
Setnakht (1185—1070)

Setnakht (1185—1070)

The reign of Setnakht:

The rule of Setnakht is indisposed known, the primary sources being the Elephantine Stela. Papyrus and Harris Papyrus Harris delineates the time of Sethnakht’s access as a period of afflict and confusion. Without doubt he was amplifying, but Setnakht does arrogate to have “cleared out the usurper” to the throne chair and, on a lower than 3 yearlong reign, to have bushelled law and dictate to Egypt.

When he broke, he was buried in KV14, the tomb applied by Tausert, which Setnakht had blew up. Declining to acknowledge the premature 2 pharaohs, the first pharaoh of the twentieth Dynasty dated the starting of his rule to that of King Seti II. He believably usurped the throne chair of Tworse, Seti II's widow, and afterward queen-pharaoh. He was at an boosted age when he claimed the throne but cared to achieve peace and order in a abruptly period. His tomb wasn't discharged when he died then he was localised in that Tworse's.

His coffin was discovered in Amenophis II's tomb but the mummy hasn't been discovered. Setakht was the father of king Ramesses III and the conserve of Ramesses's mother, Tiyemerenese.

Burial Position:

His tomb: Rock cut tomb at Thebes (the Valley of the Kings (in Luxor) tomb 14). He entombed in a tomb primitively bug for Twosret in. Might have arrogated the tomb himself as his original tome, KV11, came through to KV10 and was deserted. Or, his son, Ramesses III, acquired the tomb for his father. Setnakht’s Coffin determined in 1898 in the royal hoard in KV35. His body could be that of the undid man in a wooden boart in this tomb.

Setnakht Monuments:

Primitively helf wife (Tausert), arrogated by Sethnakht, who reigns 1200-1085 B.C.E. Sethnakht master tomb is at present Ramesses III. 112 meter long. Male gods bear female names, displaying that the tomb was arrogated by Sethnakht. This burial chamber has a barrel-domed ceiling. A granite sarcophagus is smashed.

Related Posts:

Ramses I (1315-1313 B.C.)
Ramses II (1279-1212 B.C)
Ramses III

Labels