Alexandria

The hieroglyphic
name of Alexandria

Alexandria was the capital of Ptolemaic Egypt,  founded in 331 B.C.E. by Alexander the essential as the result of a vision, the vanquisher chose the place of Rhakotis in the southwestern Delta of the Nile.  Rhakotis  was  an  ancient town, dating to the New Kingdom (1550-1070  B.C.E.) and was set on the westernmost Nile tributary. Two limestone rooftrees run parallel to the coast of Alexandria, the  outer  one  breaking  the  waves  and  the inner  ridge restrictive the city against shifting alluvium. Alexander ordered a causeway, called the  Heptastadion,  seven stades  long,  to  link  the  rooftrees. Two ancient  harbors were on either  lateral:  the  Eunostos  or  Harbor  of  Safe Return on the west, and the extended Harbor on the east. A third harbor, on  Lake  Mareotis, linked  the  city  to  the Nile.

Location of Alexandria

Two  suburban  areas,  Neopolis  and  the Island of Pharos,  were  involved  in  Alexanders  original  plans.  He did not continue in Egypt, however, and ne'er saw the city being  constructed  in  his  name.  Alexanders  viceroy, Cleomenes of Naukratis, was so the actual creator of Egypt's new capital, which was ideally situated for trade and  commerce  and  expanded  rapidly. Dinocrates,  the Greek  city  contriver  from  Rhodes,  managed  the  actual construction.

The center of the city was designed to provide trade centers, residences, sunken romances, and even catacombs. The Serapeum, the devoted burial site and shrine of the sacred Apis bulls, was developed on the hill of Rhakotis in the citys  oldest  section.  Royal  residences,  municipal  buildings,  and  government  seats  were  as well  introduced.  Two other structures as well got acclaim to the new capital: the  Library of Alexandria and  the  lighthouse at Pharos. The continues of Alexander the extended were reportedly come out in the Soma of the city after being regenerated to the  capital  by Ptolemy I Soter in  323  B.C.E. Ptolemaic mausoleums and the tombs of Antony and Cleopatra VII have disappeared over the centuries, along with the vanquishers body.

Thousands  of  new  residents  flocked  to  Alexandria, and  awards  of  property,  called  a  cleruchy, were  given  to foreign  mercenaries  who  domiciled  in  the  city  and  made themselves  clear  for  military service.  A  Greek  elite moved from Naukratis (el-Nibeira), the original Hellenic outstation, and some laws and regulating were given to protect their special status.

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