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Koptos

Koptos Location
Koptos or Kabet was a situation south of Qena, addressed Gebtu or Kabet by the Egyptians and Koptos by the Greeks, overhaul as the capital of the fifth nome of Upper Egypt and as a center for trade dispatches to the Red Sea. Koptos was likewise the cult center of the god Min. Min  broken a temple with the goddess Isis. Three pylons and a processional way that led to a gate set up by Tuthmosis III (1479-1425 B.C.E.) were part of the temple design. Horus was likewise rewarded in this temple, spanning Egypt history. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (285-246 B.C.E.) added to the temple, as did Ptolemy IV Philopator (221-205 B.C.E.).  An direct temple on the internet site
Limestone slab showing the Nile
flood god Hapy, from the temple
of Thutmose III, Koptos
had been erected and adorned by Amenemhet I (1991-1962 B.C.E.) and Senwosret I (1971-1926 B.C.E.). A chapel of the god Osiris dates to the prevail of Amasis (570-526 B.C.E.). A middle temple has pluses made by Osorkon II (883-855 B.C.E.). A temple that was discovered in the southern country of Koptos was refurbished by Nectanebo II (360-343 B.C.E.). Cleopatra VII (51-30  B.C.E.) and Ptolemy XV Caesarion (44-30 B.C.E.) as well reconstructed a small chapel on the site. This chapel was used as an vaticinator. Koptos likewise had gold augur and quarries, being placed near the Wadi Hammamat.

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·        Nefermaat
·        Kom al-Ahmar
·        Kom el-Haten
·        Kom Medinet Ghurob
·        Instructions of Amenemhet
·        Konosso
·        Menet Khufu
·        Neferneferuaten

Neferneferuaten

Its likely to be a picture for
Smenkhkare and Neferneferuaten
Neferneferuaten was a queen, or, princess of the Eighteenth Dynasty, New Kingdom, c. 1350-1336  BC. The principal wife of Amenhotep IV-Akhenaten, Nefertiti was likewise noted by the name Neferneferuaten. On her last or occult in the latter part of the kings prevail the name appears to have been transferred to his last if brief successor, King Smenkhkare. A daughter of Akhenaten and Nefertiti was also named Neferneferuaten-ta-sherit.

Recent Posts:



·        Mendes
·        Nefermaat
·        Kom al-Ahmar
·        Kom el-Haten
·        Kom Medinet Ghurob
·        Instructions of Amenemhet
·        Konosso
·        Menet Khufu

Menet Khufu

Menet Khufu was the principal town of a region in the Oryx nome of Upper Egypt, related with Khufu (2551-2528 B.C.E.), modern Beni Hasan is located nearby and is known for its tombs. In ancient periods Menet Khufu was addressed the Horizon of Horus.

Recent Posts:



·        Mendes
·        Nefermaat
·        Kom al-Ahmar
·        Kom el-Haten
·        Kom Medinet Ghurob
·        Instructions of Amenemhet
·        Konosso

Konosso

Konosso was a high-water island, going out to the Eighteenth Dynasty (1550-1307 B.C.E.), it was a staging point for trade and outings to Nubia (modern Sudan). An dedication of Tuthmosis IV (1401-1391  B.C.E.) at Konosso returns an account of the sites purpose.

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·        Menat
·        Terenuthis
·        Amenemhet (Temple official)
·        Kom Dara
·        Mendes
·        Nefermaat
·        Kom al-Ahmar
·        Kom el-Haten
·        Kom Medinet Ghurob
·        Instructions of Amenemhet

Instructions of Amenemhet

Amenemhet's Instructions
Amenemhet's Commands, a classic text that is reportedly from the prevail of Amenemhet I (1991-1962 B.C.E.) service as a last will for his son and successor, Senwosret I (1971-1926  B.C.E.), the actual text was credibly written by a scribe named Aktoy, who answered Senwosret I. The Instructions warn against trusting anyone while taking royal powers. Senwosret I was coregent when Amenemhet I was executed by a harem revolt. Amenemhet I was speaking posthumously, in this  text, describing his ordeal and list his accomplishments. There are some 70 copies of the Instructions of Amenemhet surviving, particularly in the Milligen Papyrus and the Papyrus Sallier II.

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·        Menat
·        Terenuthis
·        Amenemhet (Temple official)
·        Kom Dara
·        Mendes
·        Nefermaat
·        Kom al-Ahmar
·        Kom el-Haten
·        Kom Medinet Ghurob

Kom Medinet Ghurob

The location of Kom Medinet Ghurob
Kom Medinet Ghurob was a site on the south end of the Faiyum, as well named Mi-Wer in ancient records. Tuthmosis III (1479-1425 B.C.E.) of the Eighteenth Dynasty given the site as a royal harem retreat and retreat villa. Two temples were erected on the  site,  now  in ruins, as well as the royal harem residency. Kom Medinet Ghurob was used until the prevail of Ramses V (1156-1151  B.C.E.). A central  making  with an enclosing wall, covering the area of three modern city blocks, framed this complex. Targets from the reign of Amenhotep III (1391-1353  B.C.E.) were found on the site. A head of Queen Tiye (1), fashioned out of wood, glass, and gesso, was discovered  there. This head provides a remarkably individualistic portrait.

Recent Posts:



·        Menat
·        Terenuthis
·        Amenemhet (Temple official)
·        Kom Dara
·        Mendes
·        Nefermaat
·        Kom al-Ahmar
·        Kom el-Haten

Kom el-Haten

Kom el-Haten (the mortuary temple of Amenhotep III)
Kom el-Haten is a situation on the western shore of Thebes, noted for the mortuary temple of Amenhotep III (1391-1353 B.C.E.) and the sitting names of that pharaoh, called the colossi of memnon, the region went part of the vast  necropolis overhaul Thebes, Egypt's New Kingdom (1550-1070 B.C.E.) capital. The temple no longer bases, accepting been used as a quarry for later dynasties and looted by the locals.

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·        Memphis
·        Kom Aushim
·        Amenemhet (Official)
·        Menat
·        Terenuthis
·        Amenemhet (Temple official)
·        Kom Dara
·        Mendes
·        Nefermaat
·        Kom al-Ahmar

Kom al-Ahmar

Discover mummy at Kom al-Ahmar
Kom al-Ahmar Necropolis is a necropolis in the south country of Nekhen, Egypt. Its discovery, by a joint US Egyptian team, was announced on April 21, 2005. The complex engagements to the Amratian culture some 3600 BC.

Recent Posts:



·        Memphis
·        Kom Aushim
·        Amenemhet (Official)
·        Menat
·        Terenuthis
·        Amenemhet (Temple official)
·        Kom Dara
·        Mendes
·        Nefermaat

Nefermaat

The hieroglyphic
name of Nefermaat
Nefermaat was a prince of Fourth Dynasty, Old Kingdom, c. 2613-2589 BC. The Egyptian genius for innovation and technical experimentation is well established by the tomb of Prince Nefermaat, a very extended personage of the early Fourth Dynasty who was Vizier to King Sneferu; he bore the title Great Son of the King. In his mastaba tomb at Meidum lively settings of life on his estates are described in a technique of coloured pastes inflamed into hollowed-out bas-reliefs, which is said to have been broken by the prince himself. Unluckily the exceptionally dry climate of Egypt intended that the inlays became preserved and crumpled; the original effect, however, must have been taking.

The Mastaba of Nefermaat
From the tomb of Nefermaat
Nefermaat likewise had at his disposition the finest painters of his day. His tomb, and that of his wife Atet, are famous for the wonderful paintings which decorated them. These include the famous geese (from Atets tomb), episodes of birdtrapping, and an antelope being taken by a handler. There are also winning settings of the sons of Nefermaat and Atet taking on with their household pets, monkeys, geese and dogs.

Nefermaat was a enthusiast of Prince Khafre and was one of those senior members of the royal family who learned his last sequence to the kingship. One of his boys was Hemionu, the Vizier, who is attributable with the direction of the expression of King Khnum-Khufu's Great Pyramid.

Recent Posts:


·        Amenemhat (Nobleman)
·        Cosmetics in Ancient Egypt
·        Memphis
·        Kom Aushim
·        Amenemhet (Official)
·        Menat
·        Terenuthis
·        Amenemhet (Temple official)
·        Kom Dara
·        Mendes


Mendes

The hieroglyphic
name of Mendes
Mendes was the Greek address of the Ancient Egyptian city of Djedet, likewise noted in Ancient Egypt as Per-Banebdjedet ("The Domain of the Ram Lord of Djedet") and Anpet, is known today as Tell El-Ruba.

The city is located in the eastern Nile delta, and was the capital of the 16th Lower Egyptian nome of Kha, until it was replaced by Thmuis in Greco-Roman Egypt. The two cities are only different hundred meters apart. During the 29th dynasty, Mendes was as well the capital of Ancient Egypt, lying on the Mendesian branch of the Nile (now silted), about 35 km east of al-Mansurah.

The location of Mendes
In ancient times, Mendes was a famous city that attracted the notice of nearly ancient geographers and historians, taking Herodotus (ii. 42, 46. 166), Diodorus (i. 84), Strabo (xvii. p. 802), Mela (i. 9  9), Pliny the Elder (v. 10. s. 12), Ptolemy (iv. 5.  51), and Stephanus of Byzantium (s. v.). The city was the capital of the Mendesian nome, placed at the point where the Mendesian arm of the Nile falls into the lake of Tanis. Archaeological evidence manifests to the existence of the town at least as far back as the Naqada II period (4th millennium BCE). Secondary the first Pharaohs, Mendes quick became a strong seat of provincial government and rested so throughout the Ancient Egyptian period. In Classical times, the nome it governed was one of the nomes allotted to that section of the native army which was addressed the Calasires, and the city was celebrated for the manufacture of a perfume showed as the Mendesium unguentum. (Plin. xiii. 1. s. 2.) Mendes, however, rejected early, and disappears in the first century AD; since both Ptolemy (l. c.) and P. Aelius Aristides (iii. p. 160) mention Thmuis as the unique town of note in the Mendesian nome. From its position at the juncture of the river and the lake, it was credibly impinged upon by their waters, after the canals fell into neglect under the Macedonian kings, and when they were restored by Augustus (Sueton. Aug. 18, 63) Thmuis had pulled its trade and population.

The great deities of Mendes were the ram god Banebdjedet (lit. Ba of the Lord of Djedet), who was the Ba of Osiris, and his wife, the fish goddess Hatmehit. With their child Har-pa-khered ("Horus the Child"), they formed the three of Mendes.

The ram deity of Mendes was drawn by Herodotus in his History as being represented with the head and wool of a goat: ...whereas anyone with a bema of Mendes or who comes from the state of Mendes, will have nothing to do with (sacrificing) goats, but uses sheep as his sacrificial creatures... They say that Heracles sovereign desire was to see Zeus, but Zeus was resisting to let him do so. Eventually, as a result of Heracles pleading, Zeus came up with a plan. He skinned a ram and cut off his head, then he held the head in front of himself, wore the hook, and showed himself to Heracles similar that. That is why the Egyptian statues of Zeus have a rams head, is why rams are sacred to the Thebans, and they do not exercise them as sacrificial animals. However there is just one day of the yearthe day of the fete of Zeus--when they chop up a several ram, skin it, dress the statue of Zeus in the way observed, and then bring the statue of Heracles up hot to the statue of Zeus. Then everyone round the sanctuary mourns the dying of the ram and finally they bury it in a spiritual tomb.

Demonologists in last modern times often imagined Satan as manifesting himself as a goat or lech, because goats had a report for lustful behavior and were practiced in the iconography of pre-Christian gods like Pan and the goat of Mendes. The occultist Eliphas Levi in his Dogme et Rituel de la Haute Magie (1855) drew an image of the pretend medieval idol Baphomet that conflated it with the goat of Mendes and the imagery of the Satanic satyr. The picture of the satyr-like Baphomet and its suspicious connection with Mendes has since been repetitive by various occultists, conspiracy theorists, and neopagans.

The site is today the greatest going tell in the Nile delta, and dwells of both Tell El-Ruba (the place of the main temple enclosure) and Tell El-Timai (the resolution site of Thmuis to the south). Overall, Mendes is about 3 km long from north to south and norms about 900m east-to-west. An Old Kingdom necropolis is estimated to contain over 9,000 inhumations. Several drives of 20th-century excavations have been led by North American institutions, taking on New York University and the University of Toronto, as well as a Pennsylvania State University team led by Donald Redford. Under the focus of Prof. Redford, the current excavations are reducing on a number of countries in and about the main temple. Work on the New Kingdom processional-style temple has recently exposed foundation deposits of Merenptah under the second pylon. It is thought that four obscure pylons or gates gone for each of the Avatars of the essential deity worshiped here. Evidence has suggested that their expression dates from at least the Middle Kingdom, as base deposits were exposed. The original constructions were buried, added to, or incorporated into later ones up time by later rulers. Billy Morin, latterly at University of Cambridge in England and now at Leiden University in the Netherlands led a team that investigated these further and exposed several mud-brick walls passing as pylons and their creations . Over thirty of the bricks were stamped with the cartouche of Menkheperre, the pre-nomen of Thutmose III. A cemetery of worthy rams was discovered in the northwest corner of Tell El-Ruba. Monuments taking the names of Ramesses II, Merneptah. and Ramesses III were also saw. A temple attested by its base deposits was made by Amasis II. The tomb of Nepherites I, which Donald Reford over was destroyed by the Persians, was discovered by a joint team from the University of Washington and the University of Toronto in 1992-1993. On the edge of the temple pitcher, a sondage supervised by Matthew J. Adams has revealed uninterrupted social stratification from the Middle Kingdom down to the First Dynasty. Coring results suggest that future diggings in that sondage should expect to take the stratification down into the Buto-Maadi Period. The material excavated so far is already the longest uninterrupted social stratification for whole of the Nile Delta, and possibly for full of Egypt.

Recent Posts:



·        Kohl
·        Amenemhat (Nobleman)
·        Cosmetics in Ancient Egypt
·        Memphis
·        Kom Aushim
·        Amenemhet (Official)
·        Menat
·        Terenuthis
·        Amenemhet (Temple official)
·        Kom Dara

Kom Dara

In this status, an essential, though rather obscure repository may be significant. In the cemetery of Dara, some 27 km. downriver from Assiut in Middle Egypt, a truly gigantic mud-brick mastaba-tomb, noted as Kom Dara, occupies a commanding position. This construction has not yet been properly inquired. In its present discipline, an field of 138 X 144 m. (that is, 19,872 sq. m.) is limited by massive outer walls that earlier rose to a height of about 20 m. The rests of the mortuary chapel that must sure once have processed part of the complex have not yet been saw. The interior, however, was reached by a inclined corridor entering the establishing in the middle of its north side, and leading down to a single belowground burial chamber reconstructed from great limestone slabs.

The extended size of this tomb, on with its square layout and the position of its burial chamber, are immediately reminiscent of a pyramid. Closer analysis of its expression, however, exposes beyond any doubt that the constructing was never designed as a pyramid. In fact, approach to the burial chamber from the north is a fairly standard feature in individual tomb architecture of the gone Old Kingdom, while the square layout of the superstructure is twinned by lesser tombs in Dara graveyard itself Kom Dara, thus, may be understood as a monumental tomb that came from a local paradigm, very untold in the way that the royal saff-tomhs at Thebes developed from the simpler types of saff-tomhs made for the funerary cults of the ordinary people.

On the basis of pottery, Kom Dara can be dated to the earlier half of the First Intermediate Period. Its owner rests unknown to us, and there is not yet any certain evidence to support the often repeated identification with an otherwise unattested King Khuy, whose name appears on a relief fragment found reused in another construction at the site. The tomb itself however, attests unequivocally to its owners dreams to a political role that far surpassed that of a mere nomarch, regardless of whether he actually dared to take the titles of royalty.

There are no historical records that can tell us what was really happening at this site, but the whole setting makes it plain that the owner of the Kom Dara tomb did not in fact succeed in establishing an clear centre of power, as the Thebans did at a slightly later date. It is tempting, however, to reflect a little further. In the wide, fertile plains of Middle Egypt, every hard local dynasty was dressed to find himself immediately surrounded by a account of powerful competitions. The geographical situation itself, therefore, may have helped to brace the balance of power between a number of Middle Egyptian local rulers, which, in turn, could have been material in maintaining royal over-lordship. In addition, it does not seem too far-fetched to accept that here, in one of the agriculturally most winning areas of the country, the Crown saw important interests at stake and, accordingly, felt rather less inclined to tolerate the political adventures of provincial rules than in the remote stretches of the head of the southern (that is, the Theban region).

Recent Posts:



·        Kohl
·        Amenemhat (Nobleman)
·        Cosmetics in Ancient Egypt
·        Memphis
·        Kom Aushim
·        Amenemhet (Official)
·        Menat
·        Terenuthis
·        Amenemhet (Temple official)

Amenemhet (Temple official)

Amenemhet was a temple official of the Eighteenth Dynasty. He served Queen Hatshepsut (1473-1458 B.C.E.).  Amenemhet was also a priest of the temple of Amun. Once trusted to have been the brother of Senenmut, a idolized of Hatshepsut, Amenemhet processed as a executive program of the bark of the God Amun and a leader in the festivals on which Amun was  paraded through the streets or extended to the western shore of Thebes. He was buried in Thebes.

Recent Posts:



·        Knots
·        Memnomium
·        Neferkhewet
·        Kohl
·        Amenemhat (Nobleman)
·        Cosmetics in Ancient Egypt
·        Memphis
·        Kom Aushim
·        Amenemhet (Official)
·        Menat
·        Terenuthis

Terenuthis

Terenuthis or Kom Abu Billou
Terenuthis, or Kom Abu Billo, was a town in Ancient Egypt. Placed roughly on the spot of the modern town of Tarrana, approximately 70 km north of Cairo in the western delta, it was described after the ancient Egyptian goddess Renenutet. Renenutet is one of the near ancient gods in the Egyptian pantheon, and in later worship was unified with other Egyptian gods alike Wadjet. Renenutet was perchance a local protecting deity in predynastic times, as Terenuthis is the oldest noted center of her cult.

Tarrana in the Province of Beherah replaces Terenuthis, now noted as Kom Abu Billo, the ruins of which lie about a mile and a quarter to the west. About nine miles outside are Lake Nitria and Lake Scetis, good which were the lavras of these names, Nitria and Scetis.
A tomb from Terenuthis

After Egypt became a Roman willpower, Terenuthis was unified into the Roman province of Aegyptus Prima. There are archaeological rests dating leastwise from the Middle Kingdom, as well as a necropolis. From the Ptolemaic period dates a (now generally destroyed) temple sacred to Hathor-Thermutis, which was earlier established by Ptolemy I and Ptolemy II.

Terenuthis got a bishopric that, being in the state of Aegyptus Prima was a suffragan of Alexandria and is taken in the Catholic Church's list of conventional sees. Le Quien notes two of its bishops: Arsinthius in 404; Eulogius at the First Council of Ephesus in 431. The monks sometimes sought refuge in Terenuthis in penetrations of the Maziks. John Moschus went there at the beginning of the 7th century. There is popular mention of Terenuthis in Christian Coptic literature.

Recent Posts:



·        Memnomium
·        Neferkhewet
·        Kohl
·        Amenemhat (Nobleman)
·        Cosmetics in Ancient Egypt
·        Memphis
·        Kom Aushim
·        Amenemhet (Official)
·        Menat