Hymn to Ra when he riseth (From the Papyrns of Qenna, Plate 4)

Vignette : Qenna and his wife standing with hands raised in adoration .

Text : (t) A HYMN OF PRAISE TO RA WHEN HE RISETH IN THE EASTERN PART OF HEAVEN . Behold Osiris, Qenna the merchant, triumphant, (2) who saith :-

"Homage to thee, O thou who risest in Nu, and who at thy manifestation dost make the world bright with light ; the whole company of gods sing hymns of praise unto thee after thou hast come forth . (3) The divine Merti r who minister unto thee cherish thee as King of the North and South, thou beautiful and beloved Man-child . When thou risest, men and women live. (4) The nations rejoice in thee, and the Souls of Annu (Heliopolis) sing unto thee songs of joy . (5) The souls of the cities of Pe and Nekhen exalt thee, the apes of dawn adore thee, and (6) all beasts and cattle praise thee with one accord . The goddess Seba overthroweth thine enemies, therefore rejoice thou within (7) thy boat ; thy mariners are content thereat . Thou hast attained unto the Atet boat, and thy heart swelleth with joy . O lord of the gods, when thou didst create (8) them they ascribed unto thee praises . The azure goddess Nut doth compass thee on every side, and the god Nu (g) floodeth thee with his rays of light . O cast thou thy light upon me and let me see thy beauties, me the Osiris (to) Qenna the merchant, victorious, and when thou goest forth over the earth I will sing praises unto thy fair face . Thou risest in heaven's horizon, (11) and [thy] disk is adored [when] it resteth upon the mountain to give life unto the world . Saith Qenna the merchant, victorious : (12) "Thou risest, thou risest, and thou comest forth from the god Nu . Thou dost renew thy youth and thou dost set thyself in the place where thou "wart yesterday . O divine youth who hast created thyself, (13) I am not able [to describe] thee . Thou hast come with thy diadems, and thou hast made heaven and earth bright with thy rays of "pure emerald light . (14) The land of Punt is stablished [to give] "the perfumes which thou smellest with thy nostrils . Thou risest, "O marvellous Being,' (15) in heaven, the two serpent-goddesses "Merti are stablished upon thy brow, and thou art the giver of "laws, O lord of the world and of the inhabitants thereof ; (16) all "the gods and Qenna the merchant, victorious, adore thee ."


The SourceThe Book of the Dead, the Chapters of Coming Forth by Day
Translated into English by E. A. Wallis Budge, Litt.D., D.Lit
London, 1898.

Related Posts:


Hymn to Ra when he riseth (From the Papyrns of Qenna, Plate 2)

Vignette : Qenna and his wife standing with hands raised in adoration .

Text : (t) A HYMN OF PRAISE TO RA WHEN HE RISETH IN THE EASTERN PART OF HEAVEN. Behold Osiris, Qenna the merchant, (2) who saith :-

"Homage to thee, O Ra, when thou risest [and to thee], O ""Temu, in thy risings of beauty . Thou risest, thou risest, thou "shinest, (3) thou shinest, at dawn of day . Thou art crowned "king of the gods, and the goddess Shuti performeth an act of "homage unto thee . The company (4) of the gods praise thee `from the places of sunrise and sunset . Thou passest over the "height of heaven and thy heart is filled with gladness . The "Sektet boat draweth on, and [Ra] advanceth (5) in the Atet boat "with fair winds . Ra rejoiceth, Ra rejoiceth . Thy father is Nu, "thy mother is Nut, O (6) thou who art crowned as Ra-Heru-khuti (Ra-Harmachis), thy divine boat advanceth in peace . [Thine "enemy] bath been given over [to the flame, and he] bath fallen ; `his head bath been cut off. (7) The heart of the Lady of Life "(i . e ., Isis) is glad [because] the foe of her lord bath fallen "headlong. The mariners of Ra have content of heart and Annu "(Heliopolis) exulteth ." (8)

The merchant Qenna, victorious, saith :-

"I have come to thee, O Lord of the gods, Temu-Heru-khuti "(Temu-Harmachis) whom Maat directeth (9) I know "that whereupon thou dost live. Grant thou that I may be like "unto one of those who are thy favoured ones (io) [among] the "followers of the great god ; may my name be proclaimed, may "it be found, may it be set (ii) with their [names?] . The oar[s] "have been taken into the Sektet boat, and the boat of the Sun "advanceth in peace . (I2) May I see Ra when he appeareth in "the sky at dawn and when his Enemy hath fallen at the block . "(13) May I see Horus working the rudder on each side and "bringing along the boat . May I see the Abu fish at [its] time of "(14) coming into being (?) ; may I see the Ant fish as it becometh "the pilot of the Ant boat in its waters . O thou only One, O "thou Perfect One, O thou (15) who dost endure, who sufferest "never an evil moment, who cannot be smitten down by him "that doeth deeds of might, none other shall have power and "might over the things which belong to thee. (r6) None shall "obtain by fraud possession of the things which belong to the "divine father, who bath need of abundance, the tongue (?) of "veneration, (i7) the lord of Abtu (Abydos) ."

The merchant Qenna, victorious, saith : "Homage to thee, O "Heru-khuti-Temu Heru (i8) Khepera, I thou mighty hawk, who "makest glad the body [of man], thou beautiful of face by reason "of thy two great plumes! Awake, (ig) O lord of beauty, at "dawn when the company of the gods and mortals say unto "thee, `Hail!' They (20) sing hymns of praise unto thee at eventide, and the starry deities also adore thee . O thou firstborn, "who dost lie motionless . . . . (21) ; thy mother sheweth loving- "kindness unto thee daily. Ra liveth and the serpent-fiend Nak "is dead ; thou art in good case, for thine enemy (22) hath fallen "headlong . Thou sailest over heaven with life and strength . The "goddess Nehebka is in the Atet boat, and thy boat rejoiceth ; "(23) thy heart is glad, and the two uraei goddesses rise upon "thy brow"

Related Poata:

Hymn to Ra when he riseth (From the Papyrus of Ani)

Hymn to Ra when he riseth (From the Papyrus of Ani)

Vignette : The scribe Ani standing, with hands raised in adoration, before a table of offerings consisting of haunches of beef, loaves of bread, and cakes, vases of wine and oil, fruits, and flowers . He wears a fringed linen garment and has a wig, necklace, bracelets, etc . Behind him stands his wife Thuthu, a member of the College of Amen-Ra at Thebes ; she is similarly robed and holds a sistrum, a vine branch, and a mendt, or emblem of pleasure, in her hands .

Text : (I) A HYMN OF PRAISE TO RA WHEN HE RISETH IN THE EASTERN PART OF' HEAVEN . Behold Osiris, Ani the scribe of the holy offerings of all the gods, (2) who saith :- "Homage to thee, 0 thou who halt come as Khepera, Khepera "the creator of the gods . Thou risest, thou shinest, (3) thou makest light [in] thy mother [the goddess Nut] ; thou art crowned `king of the gods . [Thv] mother Nut doeth an act of homage unto thee with both her hands . (4) The land of Mann "receiveth thee with satisfaction, and the goddess Maat embraceth thee both at morn and at eve . May he (i . e . Ra) give "glory, and power, and triumph, (5) and a coming forth as a "living soul to see Heru-khuti (i . e ., Horns of the two horizons) "to the double (ka) of Osiris, the scribe Ani, victorious before "Osiris, (6) who saith : Hail, all ye gods of the Temple of "the Soul, who weigh heaven and earth in the balance, and "who provide sepulchral meals I in abundance. Hail, Tatunen, "thou One, (7) thou Creator of mankind and Maker of the "substance of the gods of the south and of the north, of the `west and of the east . 0 come and acclaim ye Ra, the lord "of heaven, (8) the Prince (Life, Health, Strength!), the Creator "of the gods, and adore ye him in his beautiful form at his "rising in the Atet boat . (g) They who dwell in the heights "and they who dwell in the depths 2 worship thee. The god "Thoth and the goddess Maat have written down [thy course] for "thee daily and every day. Thine enemy the serpent hath been "given over to (io) the fire, the serpent-fiend Sebau hath fallen "down headlong ; his arms have been bound in chains, and his "legs hath Ra hacked off from him . The children of (i i) impotent "revolt shall nevermore rise up . The Temple of the Aged One "keepeth festival, and the voice of those who rejoice is in the "mighty dwelling. (12) The gods exult when they see Rd as he "riseth, and when his beams flood the world with light . The "Majesty (13) of the holy god goeth forth and advanceth even "unto the land of Manu ; he maketh brilliant the earth at his "birth each day : he journeyeth on to the place where he was "yesterday . (14) 0 be thou at peace with me, and let me behold "thy beauties ; 4 may I journey forth upon earth, may I smite the "Ass ; may I crush (i5) the serpent-fiend Sebdu ; may I destroy "Apep in his hour ; may I see the Abtu fish at his season, and "the Ant fish [piloting] (z6) the Ant boat in its lake . May I see "Horns acting as steersman, with the god Thoth and the goddess "Maat, one on each side of him ; may I grasp the bows of the "(i7) Sektet boat, and the stern of the Atet boat. May he (i. e ., "Ra) grant unto the double (Ira) of Osiris Ani to behold the disk "of the Sun and to see the Moon-god without ceasing, each and "every day ; and (t8) may my soul come forth and walk hither "and thither (rg) and whithersoever it pleaseth . (20) May my "name be proclaimed (21), and may it be found upon the board "(22) of the table of offerings ; may offerings (23) be made unto Cline in my presence, even as [they are made unto] the followers "(24) of Horus ; may there be made ready for me (25) a seat "in the boat of the Sun on the day when (26) the god goeth "forth ; and may I be received (27) into the presence of Osiris "in the land of victory".




The SourceThe Book of the Dead, the Chapters of Coming Forth by Day
Translated into English by E. A. Wallis Budge, Litt.D., D.Lit
London, 1898.



Related Posts:

Hymns Introductory to the Book of the Dead

The Contents of the Book of the Dead

The Source

The Book of the Dead, the Chapters of Coming Forth by Day
Translated into English by E. A. Wallis Budge, Litt.D., D.Lit
London, 1898.


Hymns Introductory to the Book of the Dead




The Chapters of coming forth by day:

Chap. I . HERE BEGIN THE CHAPTERS OF COMING FORTH BY DAY. From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. IB. THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE SAHU TO ENTER THE TUAT. From the Papyrus of Nekhtu-Amen.



Chap. II . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY, AND OF LIVING AFTER DEATH . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . III . ANOTHER CHAPTER LIKE UNTO THE PRECEDING. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . IV . THE CHAPTER OF PASSING OVER THE CELESTIAL ROAD OF RE-STAU . From the Papyrus of NU.



Chap. V . THE CHAP'IER OF NOT LETTING WORK BE DONE IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . VI . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE SHABTI FIGURE TO DO WORK FOR A MAN IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. VII . THE CHAPTER OF PASSING OVER THE ABOMINABLE BACK OF Apepi . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . VIII . THE CHAPTER OF PASSING THROUGH AMENTET AND COMING FORTH BY DAY . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . IX. THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY AFTER HAVING MADE THE PASSAGE THROUGH THE TOMB . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. X. ANOTHER CHAPTER TO BE SAID BY A MAN WHO COMETH FORTH BY DAY AGAINST HIS ENEMIES IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XI. THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH AGAINST ENEMIES IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . XII. THE CHAPTER OF GOING INTO AND OF COMING FORTH FROM THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . XIII . THE CHAPTER OF ENTERING INTO AND OF COMING FORTH FROM AMENTET . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . XIV. THE CHAPTER OF PUTTING AN END TO SHAME IN THE HEART OF THE GOD . From the Papyrus of Mes-em-neter.



Chap . XV :





   1 - A HYMN OF PRAISE TO R.A WHEN HE RISETH . From the Papyrus of Ani.



   2 - HYMN AND LITANY TO OSIRIS . From the Papyrus of Ani.



   3 - A HYMN TO RA WHEN HE RISETH . From the Papyrus of Ani.



   4 - A HYMN TO THE SETTING SUN . From the Papyrus of Mut-hetep.



   5 - A HYMN TO THE SETTING SUN. From the Papyrus of Nekhtu-Amen.



   6 - A HYMN TO THE SETTING SUN. From a Papyrus at Dublin.





Chap . XVI Vignette only.



Chap . XVII . HERE BEGIN THE PRAISES AND GLORIFYINGS OF COMING OUT FROM AND OF GOING INTO THE GLORIOUS UNDERWORLD WHICH IS IN THE BEAUTIFUL AMENTET . From the Papyrus of Ani and pyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . XVIII . Without title . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . XIX . THE CHAPTER OF THE CIIAPLET OF VICTORY . From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. XX. Without title . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. XXI . THE CHAPTER OF GIVING A MOUTH TO Tin,: DECEASED IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XXIL THE CHAPTER OF GIVING A MOUTH TO THE DECEASED IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XXIII . THE CHAPTER OF OPENING THE MOLT H OF THE DECEASED . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XXIV. THE CHAPTER OF BRINGING CHARMS UNTO THE DECEASED IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XXV. THE CHAPTER OF MAKING A MAN TO POSSESS MEMORY IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XXVI . THE CHAPTER OF GIVING A HEART TO THE DECEASED I N THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XXVII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE HEART OF A MAN BE TAKEN FROM HIM IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XXVIII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE IIEART OF THE DECEASED BE CARRIED AWAY FROM HIM IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XXIX. THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE HEART OF A MAN BE TAKEN AWAY FROM HIM IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XXIX A. THE CHAPTER OF NOT ALLOWING THE HEART OF THE DECEASED TO BE CARRIED AWAY DEAD IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Amen-hetep.



Chap. XXIX B. THE CHAPTER OF A HEART OF CARNELIAN, From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XXX. THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE HEART OF A MAN BE DRIVEN AWAY FROM HIM IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. XXX A. A LIKE CHAPTER . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XXX B. THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE HEART OF THE DECEASED BE DRIVEN AWAY FROM HIM IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . XXXI. TILE CHAPTER OF BEATING BACK THE CROCODILE THAT COMETII TO CARRY AWAY THE CHARM FROM TIIE DECEASED. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XXXII . THE CHAPTER OF BEATING BACK THE CROCODILE THAT COMETH 'r0 CARRY AWAY THE \IAGICAI, WORDS FROM THE DECEASED . From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. XXXIII . THE CHAPTER OF REPULSING SERPENTS. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XXXIV. THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE DECEASED BE BITTEN BY SNAKES IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XXXV. THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE DECEASED BE DEVOURED BY SERPENTS IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XXXVI. THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING AWAY APSIIAIT. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . XXXVII, THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING BACK THE; TWO MERTI GODDESSES . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . XXXVIIIA . THE CHAPTER OF LIVING BY AIR IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . XXXVIII B . THE CHAPTER OF LIVING BY AIR IN TILE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . XXXIX. THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING BACK THE SERPEN'I' REREK IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Mes-em-neter.



Chap. XL. THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING BACK THE EATER OF THE Ass. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XLI . THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING AWAY THE SLAUGHTERI NGS WHICH ARE PERFORMED I N THE UNDERWORI.D . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . XLII . THE CHAP'T'ER OF DRIVING BACK THE SLAUGHTERINGS WIIICII ARE PERFORMED IN SUTEN-HENEN . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . XLIII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE IIEAI) OF A MAN BE C[TI' OFF IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XLIV . THE CHAPTER OF NOT DYING A SECOND TIME IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . XLV. THE CHAPTER OF NOT SUFFERING CORRUPTION IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XLVI . TILE CHAPTER OF NOT PERISHING AND OF BECOMING ALIVE IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. XLVII. THE; CHAPTER OF NOT ALLOWING THE SEAT AND THRONE OF THE DECEASED TO BE TAKEN FROM HIM IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XLVIII. See Chapter X.



Chap . XLIX . See Chapter XI.



Chap. LA. THE CHAPTER OF NOT ENTERING IN UNTO THE BLOCK OF THE GOD . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. L B . THE CHAPTER OF NOT ENTERING IN UNTO THE BLOCK. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . LT . THE CHAPTER OF NOT MARCHING TO BE OVERTHROWN IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT EATING FILTH IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LIII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT EATING FILTH AND OF NOT DRINKING DIRTY WATER I N THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LIV. THE CHAPTER OF GIVING AIR TO THE DECEASED IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LV. THE CHAPTER OF GIVING AIR IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LVI . THE CHAPTER OF SNUFFING THE AIR AMONG THE WATERS IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LVII THE CHAPTER OF SNUFFING THE AIR, AND OF HAVING THE MASTERY OVER THE WATER IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LVIII . THE CHAPTER OF BREATHING THE AIR, AND OF HAVING DOMINION OVER THE WATER IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. LIX. THE CHAPTER OF SNUFFING THE AIR, AND OF HAVING DOMINION OVER THE WATER IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. LX. ANOTHER CHAPTER . From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. LXI. THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE SOUL OF A MAN BE TAKEN FROM HIM IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . LXII . THE CHAPTER OF DRINKING WATER IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . LXIII A. THE CHAPTER OF DRINKING WATER AND OF NOT BEING BURNT BY FIRE IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXIII B . THE CHAPTER OF NOT BEING SCALDED WITH WATER . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXIV . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. LXIV . THE CHAPTER OF KNOWING THE "CHAPTERS OF COMING FORTH BY DAY" IN A SINGLE CHAPTER. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXV A. THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY AND OF GAINING THE MASTERY OVER ENEMIES . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXV B. From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. LXVI . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY . From the Papyrus of Amen-em-heb.



Chap. LXVII. THE CHAPTER OF OPENING THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LX.VIII . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXIX. ANOTHER CHAPTER . From the Papyrus of Mes-em-neter.



Chap. LXX. ANOTHER CHAPTER . From the Papyrus of Mes-em-neter.



Chap . LXXI. THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY. From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . LXXII . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY AND OF OPENING UP A WAN' THROUGH ANIMEHET. From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . LXXIII . See Chapter IX.



Chap. LXXIV . THE CHAP'T'ER OF LIFTING UP THE FEET AND OF COMING FORTH UPON THE EARTH. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXV . THE CHAPTER OF JOURNEYING TO ANNU AND OF' RECEIVING A THRONE THEREIN . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXVI . THE CHAPTER OF A MAN TRANSFORMING HIMSELF INTO WHATEVER FORM HE PLEASETH . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXVII . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO A HAWK OF GOLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . LXXXIII. THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO A DIVINE HAWK . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXIX . THE CHAPTER OF BEING TRANSFORMED INTO THE GOVERNOR OF THE SOVEREIGN PRINCES. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXX. THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO THE GOD WHO GIVETH LIGHT IN THE DARKNESS . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . LXXXI A . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO A LOTUS . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXXI 13 . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO A LOTUS . From the Papyrus of Paqrer.



Chap. LXXXII . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO PTAH, OF EATING CAKES, AND OF DRINKING ALE, AND OF UNFETTERING THE STEPS, AND OF BECOMING A LIVING BEING IN ANNI' . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXXIII . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO A BENNU BIRD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXXIV . TIIE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO A HERON. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . LXXXV . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO A LIVING SOUL, AND OF NOT ENTERING INTO THE CHAMBER OF TORTURE . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXXVI . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO A SWALLOW . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . LXXXVII . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO THE SERPENT SATA . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXXVIII . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATION INTO A CROCODILE . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. LXXXIX . THE CHAPTER OF CAUSING THE SOUL TO BE UNITED TO THE BODY IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . XC. THE CFIAPTER OF DRIVING EVIL RECOLLECTIONS FROM THE MOUTH . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XCI. THE CIIAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE SOUL OF THE DECEASED BE CAPTIVE IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . XCII . THE CHAPTER OF OPENING THE TOMB TO THE SOUL AND TO THE SHADE OF THE DECEASED SC) THAT HE MAN" COME FORTII BY DAY AND HAVE DOMINION OVER HIS FEET . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. XCIII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT SAILING TO THE EAST IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XCIV . THE CHAPTER OF PRAYING FOR AN INK-POT AND FOR A PALETTE . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XCV . THE CHAPTER OF BEING NIGH UNTO THOTH. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XCVI  AND Chap. XCVII . THE CHAPTER OF BEING NIGH UNTO THOTH AND OF GIVING GLORY UNTO A MAN IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XCVIII. TI- lE CHAPTER OF BRINGING ALONG A BOAT IN HEAVEN. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. XCIX. THE CHAPTER OF BRINGING ALONG A BOAT IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. C . THE BOOK OF MAKING PERFECT THE KHU AND OF CAUSING HIM TO GO FORTH INTO THE BOAT OF RA ALONG WITH THOSE WHO ARE IN HIS FOLLOWING. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CI . TILE CHAPTER OF PROTECTING THE BOAT OF RA. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CII . THE CHAPTER OF GOING INTO THE BOAT OF RA. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CIII . THE CHAPTER OF BEING WITH TILE GODDESS HATHOR. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CIV . THE CIIAPTER OF SITTING AMONG THE GREAT GODS. From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. CV. THE CHAPTER OF MAKING OFFERINGS TO THE KA IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CVI. THE CHAPTER OF GIVING OFFERINGS TO THE DECEASED IN I;IET-PTAH-KA (Memphis) . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CVII . See Chapter CIX.



Chap. CVIII_ THE CHAPTER OF KNOWING THE SOULS OF THE WEST. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CIX. THE CHAPTER OF KNOWING THE SOULS OF THE EAST. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CX. HERE BEGIN THE CHAPTERS OF SEKHET-HETEP-ET AND THE CHAPTERS OF COMING FORTH BY DAY ; OF GOING INTO AND OF COMING FORTH FROM THE UNDERWORLD ; OF COMING TO SEKHET-AARU ; OF BEING IN SEKHET-HETEPET, THE MIGHTY LAND, THE LADY OF WINDS ; OF HAVING POWER THERE ; OF BECOMING A KI-IU THERE ; OF PLOUGHING THERE ; OF REAPING THERE ; OF EATING THERE ; OF DRINKING THERE ; OF MAKING LOVE THERE ; AND OF DOING EVERYTHING THERE EVEN AS A MAN DOETH UPON EARTH . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. CXI . See Chapter CVIII.



Chap. CXII . THE CHAPTER OF KNOWING THE SOULS OF PE. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXIII . THE CHAPTER OF KNOWING THE SOULS OF NEKIIEN. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXIV. THE CHAPTER OF KNOWING THE SOULS OF KHEMENNU. From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. CXV. THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH INTO HEAVEN, AND OF MAKING A WAY THROUGH THE A1IMEHET, AND OF KNOWING THE SOULS OF ANNU . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CXVI . ANOTHER CHAPTER OF KNOWING THE SOULS OF KHEMENNU. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap, CXVII . THE CHAPTER OF FINDING (?) PATHS WHERE-ON TO WALK 1N RE-STAU. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CXVIIf. THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH FROM RE-STAU. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXIX . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH FROM RE-STAU. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXX. See Chapter XII.



Chap. CXXI . See Chapter XIII.



Chap. CXXII . THE CHAPTER OF GOING IN AFTER COMING FORTH [IN THE UNDERWORLD]. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXXIII. THE CHAPTER OF ENTERING INTO THE GREAT HOUSE. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXXIV . THE CHAPTER OF GOING INTO THE PRESENCE OF THE DIVINE SOVEREIGN PRINCES OF OSIRIS . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXXV.



   1- THE CHAPTER OF ENTERING INTO THE HALL OF MAATI. From the Papyrus of Ani.

   2- THE NEGATIVE CONFESSION . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.

   3- [A CHAPTER] TO BE SAID WHEN THE DECEASED COMETH FORTH TO THE GODS OF THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CXXVI. [THE CHAPTER OF THE FOUR APES] . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CXXVII A. THE BOOK OF THE PRAISE OF THE GODS OF THE QERTI . From the Tomb of Rameses IV.



Chap. CXXVII B. A CHAPTER TO BE RECITED WHEN THE DECEASED COMETH BEFORE THE DIVINE SOVEREIGN CHIEFS OF OSIRIS TO OFFER PRAISE UNTO THE GODS WHO ARE THE GUIDES OF THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Ptah-mes.



Chap. CXXVIII. A HYMN OF PRAISE TO OSIRIS . From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. CXXIX. See Chapter C.



Chap. CXXX. ANOTHER CHAPTER OF MAKING PERFECT THE KIIU, WHICH IS TO BE RECITED ON THE BIRTHDAY OF OSIRIS, AND OF MAKING THE SOUL TO LIVE FOR EVER. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXXXI . THE CHAPTER OF HAVING EXISTENCE NIGH UNTO RA . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXXXII . THE CHAPTER OF CAUSING A MAN TO COME BACK TO SEE HIS HOUSE UPON EARTH . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . CXXXIII. THE BOOK OF MAKING PERFECT THE KHU, WHICH IS TO BE RECITED ON THE DAY OF THE MONTH. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. .CXXXIV. ANOTHER CHAPTER OF MAKING PERFECT THE KHU. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXXXV . ANOTHER CHAPTER TO BE RECITED WHEN THE MOON RENEWETH ITSELF ON TIIE; DAY OF THE MONTH. From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. CXXXVI A. 1 . ANOTHER CHAPTER OF TRAVELLING IN THE GREAT BOAT OF RA . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXXXVI A. 2 . ANOTHER CHAPTER OF MAKING PERFECT THE KHU, WHICH SHALL BE RECITED ON THE FESTIVAL . OF Six . From the Papyrus of Nu.



CHAP. CXXXVI B. THE CHAPTER OF SAILING IN THE GREAT BOAT OF RA TO PASS OVER THE CIRCLE OF BRIGHT FLAME. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXXXVII A. THE CHAPTER OF THE FOUR BLAZING FLAMES WHICH ARE MADE FOR THE KHU . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXXXVII B . THE CHAPTER OF KINDLING A FLAME . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. CXXXVIII. THE CHAPTER OF ENTERING INTO ABTU (ABYDOS) AND OF BEING IN THE FOLLOWING OF OSIRIS . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CXXXIX. See Chapter CXXIII.



Chap. CXL. THE BOOK WHICH IS TO BE RECITED ON THE LAST DAY OF THE SECOND MONTH OF THE SEASON PERT. From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. CXLI and Chap. CXLI. THE BOOK WHICH A MAN SHALL RECITE FOR HIS FATHER OR FOR HIS SON DURING THE FESTIVALS OF AMENTET . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXLIII . Vignette only.



Chap. CXLIV. [THE CHAPTER OF THE ARITS OR MANSIONS .] From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXLV. [THE CHAPTERS OF] THE PYLONS OF SEKIIET-AANRE OF THE HOUSE OF OSIRIS . From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. CXLVI . THE CHAPTERS OF ENTERING IN AT THE HIDDEN PYLONS OF THE HOUSE OF OSIRIS IN SEKHET-A'1NRERU . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXLVII. [THE CHAPTER OF THE ARITS OR MANSIONS .] From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . CXLVIII . THE CHAPTER OF PROVIDING THE DECEASED WITH FOOD IN THE UNDERWORLD . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CXLIX. [THE CHAPTER OF THE AATS .] From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CL. Vignettes only . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CLI. Texts and Vignette of the funeral chamber . From the Papyrus of Mut-hetep.



Chap. CLI . Speech of Anubis . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. CLIL THE CHAPTER OF BUILDING A HOUSE UPON THE EARTH . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CLIII A. THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH FROM THE NET. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CLIII B . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH FROM THE CATCHER OF THE FISH. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CLIV. THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE BODY PERISH. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CLV. THE CHAPTER OF A TET OF GOLD. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CLVI. THE CHAPTER OF A BUCKLE OF CARNELIAN . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CLVII . THE CHAPTER OF A VULTURE OF GOLD . From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap . CLVIII. THE CHAPTER OF A COLLAR OF GOLD. From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap . CLIX . THE CHAPTER OF THE UATCH AMULET . From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. CLX . THE CHAPTER OF GIVING AN UATCH AMULET TO THE DECEASED. From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. CLXI . THE CHAPTER OF FORCING AN ENTRANCE INTO HEAVEN . From the Papyrus of Nefer-uben - f.



Chap. CLXII. THE CHAPTER OF MAKING HEAT TO BE UNDER THE HEAD OF THE DECEASED . From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. CLXIII. THE CHAPTER OF NOT ALLOWING THE BODY OF A MAN TO MOULDER AWAY IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. CLXIV. ANOTHER CHAPTER . From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. CLXV. THE CHAPTER OF ARRIVING IN PORT . From the Turin Papyrus.



Chap. CLXVI . THE CHAPTER OF THE PILLOW. From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. CLXVII . TI-IE CHAPTER OF BRINGING THE UTCHAT. From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . CLXVIII . [THE BOOKS OF OFFERINGS TO THE GODS OF THE QERTI .] From the Papyrus Brit . Mus . No. 10 .478.



Chap . CLXIX . THE CHAPTER OF SETTING UP THE FUNERAI. BED . From the Papyrus of Nefer-uben-f.



Chap. CLXX. THE CHAPTER OF ARRANGING THE FUNERAL BED. From the Papyrus of Nefer-uben-f.



Chap. CLXXI . THE CHAPTER OF TYING ON THE GARMENT OF PURITY . From the Papyrus of Amen-hetep.



Chap. CLXXIII. THE SPEECHES OF HORUS TO HIS FATHER OS I R I S . From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . CLXXIV . THE CHAPTER OF CAUSING THE KHU TO COME FORTH FROM THE GREAT DOOR . From the Papyrus of Mut-hetep.



Chap . CLXXV . THE CHAPTER OF NOT DYING A SECOND TIME. From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap . CLXXVI . THE CHAPTER OF NOT DYING A SECOND TIME, From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CLXXVII . THE CHAPTER OF RAISING UP THE KHU, AND OF MAKING THE S OUL. T O LIVE IN THE UNDERWORLD. From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap. CLXXVIII . THE CHAPTER OF RAISING UP THE DEAD BODY. From the Papyrus of Nebseni.



Chap . CLXXIX . THE CHAPTER OF ADVANCING FROM YESTERDAY AND OF COMING FORTH BY DAY . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap. CLXXX . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY, OF PRAISING RA IN AMENTET, OF ASCRIBING PRAISE UNTO THOSE WHO DWELL IN THE TUAT, OF OPENING UP A PATH FOR THE PERFECT KHU IN THE UNDERWORLD, OF CAUSING HIM TO WALK, OF MAKING LONG HIS FOOTSTEPS, OF GOING INTO AND COMING FORTH FROM THE UNDERWORLD, AND OF PERFORMING TRANSFORMATIONS LIKE A LIVING SOUL . From a Papyrus at Paris.



Chap. CLXXXI . THE CHAPTER OF ENTERING IN TO THE DIVINE SOVEREIGN CHIEFS OF OSIRIS, AND TO THE GODS WHO ARE GUIDES IN THE TUAT, AND TO THOSE WHO KEEP WARD OVER THEIR GATES, AND TO THOSE WHO ARE HERALDS OF THEIR HALLS, AND TO THOSE WHO ARE THE PORTERS OF THE DOORS AND PYLONS OF AMENTET, AND OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATIONS LIKE A LIVING SOUL ; AND OF PRAISING OSIRIS AND OF BECOMING THE PRINCE OF THE DIVINE SOVEREIGN CHIEFS . From the Papyrus of Qenna.



Chap. CLXXXII . THE BOOK OF STABLISHING OSIRIS FIRMLY, OF GIVING AIR TO THE STILL-HEART, WHILST THOTH REPULSETH THE FOES OF HORUS . From the Papyrus of Mut-hetep.



Chap. CLXXXIII . A HYMN OF PRAISE TO OSIRIS. From the Papyrus of Hu-nefer.



Chap. CLXXXIV. THE CHAPTER OF BEING NIGH UNTO OSIRIS. From the Papyrus of Uaa.



Chap. CLXXXV. THE [CHAPTER OF] GIVING PRAISES UNTO OSIRIS, AND PAYING HOMAGE UNTO THE LORD OF ETERNITY, AND PROPITIATING THE GOD IN HIS WILL, AND DECLARING THE RIGHT AND TRUTH, THE LORD OF WHICH IS UNKNOWN . From the Papyrus of Sutimes.



Chap . CLXXXVI . Without title . From the Papyrus of Ani.



Chap. CLXXXVII . THE CHAPTER OF ENTERING IN UNTO THE COMPANY OF THE GODS . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CLXXXVIII. THE [CHAPTER OF] THE GOING IN OF THE SOUL TO BUILD AN ABODE AND TO COME FORTH BY DAY I N HUMAN FORM . From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CLXXXIX. THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING A MAN MAKE A JOURNEY BEING HUNGRY, AND OF NOT EATING FILTH. From the Papyrus of Nu.



Chap . CXC. THE BOOK OF MAKING PERFECT THE KHU WITHIN RA. From the Papyrus of Nu.

Theban papyri of the Book of the Dead

The papyri upon which simulates of the Theban rendering were written vary in length from about 20 to go ft, and in width from 14 to 18 inches, in the 18th dynasty the layers of the papyrus are of a stronger texture and of a darker color than in the following dynasties. The art of taking great lengths of papyrus of light colour and fine texture made its highest plus ultra in the 19th dynasty. An examination of Theban papyri shows that the work of writing and informative a fine copy of the Book o the Dead was frequently separated between two or more radicals of artists and penmen, and that the sections were afterwards joined up into a whole. Occasionally by mistake two groups of men would transcribe the same chapter; hence in the papyrus of Ani, Chapter XVIII. takes place twice.


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The Theban version of the Book of the Dead

The Theban reading, which was much applied in Upper Egypt from the 18th to the 20th dynasty, was normally written on papyri in the hieroglyphic character. The text is written in black ink in heavy rows of hieroglyphics, which are widespread from each other by black lines; the titles of the chapters or segments, and certain parts of the chapters and the rubrics belonging to thereto, are written in rec ink. A steady development in the illumination of the vignettes is observable in the papyri of this period. At the getting of the 18th dynasty the vignettes are in black abstract, but we see from the papyrus c Hunefer (Brit. Mus. No. 9901), who was an overseer of cattle of King Seti I., king of Egypt about B.C. 1370, that the vignettes are painted in reds, greens, yellows, white, and other colors, and that the whole of the text and vignettes are involved in a red and yellow border. Originally the text was the most important part of the work, and both it and its vignettes were the work of the scribe, bit by bit, however, the brilliantly white vignettes were more and more cherished, and when the skill of the scribe went, the artist wa: called in. In many fine papyri of the Theban period it is altar that the whole plan of the sketches of a papyrus was set out by artists, who oftentimes failed to leave comfortable space for the texts to which they belonged, in issue many lines of chapters are often missed, and the last few lines of some texts are so much jam-packed as to be almost illegible. The frequent clerical errors likewise show that while an artist of the superior skill might be employed on the vignettes, the murder of the text was left to an innocent or regardless scribe. Again, the artist at times arranged his vignettes in wrong order, and it is occasionally evident that neither artist nor scribe taken the matter upon which he was involved. According to M. Maspero the scribes of the 6th dynasty did not understand the texts which they were drafting, and in the 19th dynasty the scribe of a papyrus now preserved at Berlin knew or cared so little about the text which he was copying that he recorded the LXXVIIth Chapter from the wrong end, and plain never broken his error although he concluded the chapter with its title. Earlier each copy of the Book of the Dead was written to order, but soon the tradition obtained of preparing copies with blank spaces in which the name of the buyer might be inserted, and many of the faults in spelling and mos of the omissions of words are to be sure due to the haste with which such regular copies were written by the appendages of the priestly caste, whose profession it was to copy them.

The sections or chapters of the Theban version are a series of separate and distinct compositions, which, like the segments of the pyramid texts, had no fixed order either on coffins or in papyri. Unlike these texts still, with very few exceptions each composition had a special title and vignette which indicate its use. The general selection of the chapters for a papyrus seems to have been left to the individual fancy of the purchaser or scribe, but particular of them were no doubt absolutely inevitable for the conservation of the body of the gone in the tomb, and for the benefit of his soul in its new state of existence. Traditional selections would probably be respected, and recent selections approved by any frequent school of religious thought in Egypt were without doubt accepted.

whilst in the period of the pyramid texts the several sections were said or spilled by priests, probably helped by some members of the family of the broken, the welfare of his soul and body being alleged for him as an given fact in the Theban version the hymns and prayers to the gods were put into the mouth of the deceased. As none but the great and wealthy could afford the ceremonials whicl were perfonned in the early dynasties, economy was belike the chief cause of this shift, which had come about at Thebes as early as the 12th dynasty. Little by little the ritual circumstances of the Book of the Dead disappeared, until last, in the Theban rendering, the only chapters of this class which continue are the XXIInd, XXIIIrd, CVth, and CLIst. Every chapter and prayer of this version was to be said in the next world, where the words, decent talked, enabled the deceased to overcome every foe and to accomplish to the life of the wrought soul which dwelt in a spiritual body in the abode of the sacred.


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