Cleopatra I (215-176 bc)

Hieroglyphic name:

Hieroglyphic name of Cleopatra I

Cleopatra I

Cleopatra I (215-176 bc) was the wife of King Ptolemy V and daughter of Antiochus III, rule of the Seleucid Empire, and Laodice of Pontus. She  was  engaged  to  Ptolemy  V in  196  BC  and  marital  him  in 194-193 BC as part of a peace settlement between Egypt and the Seleucid  Empire.  She  had  three  children,  admitting  Cleopatra  II, Ptolemy VI, and Ptolemy VIII. Upon the dying of her husband in 180 BC, she acted as regent until her own end between April and July 176 BC.

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Ptolemy XV Caesarion (44-30)

Hieroglyphic name:

Hieroglyphic name of Ptolemy XV

Ptolemy XV

Ptolemy XV Caesarion was the son of Cleopatra VII and Julius Caesar, Ptolemy XV got  his reign in  44  B.C.E. Although he was  only  a child, he was set up to the throne to conserve him. Ptolemy XIV, who had been coruler with Cleopatra VII, had been slain to make room for him.

Named  Caesarion,  his  throne  name  stood for  Heir  of the Living God, the Chosen One of Ptah, Living the Rule of Re, the Living Image of Amun. He was described with his  mother  on  the  wall  of  the  temple  of  Dendereh as being extended to the gods. The Roman Senate in 42 B.C.E. shopped Ptolemy XV's peak to the throne. He discovered  the  doomed  battle  of Actium and  the  death of Cleopatra VII and Marc Antony and then was dead by the Romans, reportedly a death set up by Augustus (Octavian) at the urgency of Aeries Didymos, Ptolemy XV's former tutor.

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Ptolemy XIV (47-44)

Ptolemy XIV

Ptolemy XIV (47-44) was the son of Ptolemy III and Berenice II. He married his sister, Arsinoe III. He chased an dirty policy in Asia in an set about to gain control of Palestine-Syria but presented a major rising in the southern where native rules Harwennefer and Ankhwennefer were professed. His chief minister was Sosibios, who arranged a serial publications of murders of members of the royal family to tone up his save power. The king appears to have died in late 205 BC, but his dying was initially obscure by his court. He was followed by his son, King Ptolemy V.

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Ptolemy XIII (51-47)

Hieroglyphic Name:

Hieroglyphic name of Ptolemy XIII

Ptolemy XIII

The son of Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysus and  perhaps Cleopatra (6) Tryphaina, Ptolemy XIII had to portion royal powers  with  his  sister,  beginning  their  joint  reign  in  51 B.C.E. His court advisers, however, fostered his dreams, and  he  forced  Cleopatra VII to  flee  from  Alexandria. Pompey was  named  his  defender  as  a  issue.  The  war between Pompey and Julius Caesar, however, broke this  keeping.  When  Pompey,  fleeing  from  Caesar, put down in  Egypt,  he  was  slain  by  Ptolemy  XIII's  brokers, going for to have the victorious Caesar as an ally.

He  was  drawn  to  join  his  army  in  the  desert  near Alexandria,  still,  when  Caesar  ruled  in  favor  of Cleopatra VII's claims, joined in time by Arsinoe (4), his sister.  Arsinoe  complicated  matters  by  murdering Achillas, the  military  frequent  who  might  have  directed Egypts  forces  with  skill.  Ptolemy  XIII  also  faced  additional  armies  when  an  ally  of  Caesar  gone far  with  fresh troops. He died by swimming after an attempt to still-hunt Caesar broken. A shrine at Kom Ombo renders him in various acts of worship. He also built in Philae.

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Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysius (80-58, 55-51)

Hieroglyphic Name:

Hieroglyphic name of Ptolemy XII

Ptolemy XII
Neos Dionysius

Ptolemy XII was the twelfth ruler of the Ptolemaic Period He dominated from 88 to 58 B.C.E. and from 55 B.C.E. until his last. The son of Ptolemy IX Soter II by a courtesan, he  was  named  Neos  Dionysius,  the  New  Dionysius  or Nothos, the Bastard. His lasting soubriquet was Auletes, the Flute Player. He was the father of Cleopatra VII. Ptolemy XII constructed at Dendereh and Edfu and freshened up  Philae. Much of his life history had been dead  in  the court of Mithridates  VI  of  Pontus  at  Sinope.  When Ptolemy XI Alexander II gone, he was recalled to Egypt. In 58 B.C.E., Ptolemy XII had to give Egypt because of his less-traveled rule. He was restored by the Roman widespread  Gabinus  through  the  intercession  of  Pompey the Great in 55 B.C.E. Rabirius Postumous  afterward handled Ptolemy XII's affairs as a precaution for Romes concerns.  Ptolemy  XIIs  will  was  deposited  in  Romes  public exchequer and as a result, Pompey gone the shielder of Egypt in 49 B.C.E. Ptolemy XII married his sister, Cleopatra (6)  Tryphaina. More Such  than  100  running  Alexandrian scholars went to Rome to protest Ptolemy XII's reinstatement and his dominate. He was listed in the temple of Kom Ombo.

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Ptolemy XI Alexander II (105-80 BCE)

Hieroglyphic Name:

Hieroglyphic name of Ptolemy XI

Ptolemy XI Alexander II

Later the death of King Ptolemy VIII in 116 BC, Cleopatra III ruled jointly with her mother Cleopatra II and her son Ptolemy IX Soter II (Lathyros). Cleopatra III expelled Ptolemy IX from Alexandria in 107 BC and replaced him as co-regent with her second son Ptolemy X Alexander I. After 6 years of joint pattern, Ptolemy X had his mother Cleopatra III murdered in 101 BC. Ptolemy IX first marital his sister Cleopatra IV, by whom he had leastwise one son, the mother of Ptolemy XII and Ptolemy of Cyprus. Ptolemy IX then marital his sister Cleopatra Selene, the mother of Berenice III. Ptolemy XI was born to Ptolemy X Alexander I and either Cleopatra Selene or Berenice III. His uncle Ptolemy IX Lathryos died in 81 BC or 80 BC, leaving no recognized heir, and therefore Cleopatra Berenice (Berenice III) found alone for a time. Ptolemy XI married Cleopatra Berenice, who was his step mother and half sisters (or possibly his natural mother). However, nineteen days after the marriage, Ptolemy XI dead his bride for unknown argues, an unwise motion since Cleopatra Berenice was very popular, Ptolemy was instantly lynched by the citizens of Alexandria in 80 BCE.

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Ptolemy X (107-88 BCE)

Hieroglyphic Name:

Hieroglyphic name of Ptolemy X

Ptolemy X

Ptolemy X Alexander I was the son of Cleopatra III and King Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II Physcon. His mother was united to King Ptolemy VIII patch her individual mother was set his official married woman. Cleopatra III took two sons  Ptolemy IX Philometor Soter II (Lathyros) and Ptolemy X Alexander I and 3 daughters, Cleopatra IV, Cleopatra Tryphaena, and Cleopatra Selene. Upon the death of Ptolemy VIII, his will given the successiveness of the Egyptian throne to Cleopatra III and to whosoever son she preferred. Cleopatra III in reality hated Lathyros and favorite Ptolemy X Alexander, the earliest of her two sons. Unluckily, the citizens of Alexandria preferred Lathyros to be co-regent. At the time, Lathyros was the governor of Cyprus and he was summoned back to Alexandria to grown co-ruler with his mother (106-101 BC). Ptolemy X Alexander I was old sent to Cyprus in Lathyros place in 113 BC.

Lathyros marriage to sister Cleopatra IV, was reversed by his mother and he was married to his smallest sister Cleopatra Selene. Cleopatra IV fled to Cyprus where she tried to raise an army and marry her other brother Ptolemy X Alexander. When her effort to marry her second brother broken, she flew to Syria where she used her army as a portion and married Antiochus IX Cyzicenus who was son of Antiochus Sidetes and Cleopatra Thea. Cleopatra III ne'er changed her head and eventually succeeded in disbelieving Ptolemy IX in 107 BC by accusing him of trying to hit her. Ptolemy IX Lathyros was then special to flee back to Cyprus providing his wife and his two sons behind . It was at this time that Ptolemy X Alexander was mobilized by his mother support to Alexandria from Cyprus and took the throne.

Ptolemy X Alexander I prevailed Egypt jointly with his mother Cleopatra III until her last five years later in 101 BC. Still the publicity of Ptolemy X Alexander never materialized. Eventually he was driven from Egypt by his own cases and died in a naval battle, or perhaps murdered, in 88 BC. Lathyros was worked back to Alexandria to try to supersede together the Ptolemaic Empire. He died at the years of 62 in 80 BC leaving no legitimate heir to the throne, which then gone to his daughter Cleopatra Berenike who found alone shortly before Ptolemy XI, son of Ptolemy X Alexander, was held to marry his stepmother. Clean 19 days after the marraige, Ptolemy XI gone his new wife irritating the people who them stormed the palace and downed him.

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Ptolemy IX Soter II (116-107, 88-81)

Hieroglyphic Name:

Hieroglyphic name of Ptolemy IX

Ptolemy IX Soter II

Ptolemy IX Soter II, byname Lathyrus (expanded 1st century bc), Macedonian king of Egypt (prevailed 116-110, 109-107, and 88-81 bc) who, afterward ruling Cyprus and Egypt in various combining with his brother, Ptolemy X Alexander I, and his mother, Cleopatra III, widow of Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II, advanced sole rule of the country in 88 and sought to keep Egypt from radical Roman influence while hard to develop trade with the East.

The unusual will of Euergetes II partitioned Egypt's ownership, leaving Cleopatra III as the good ruler of Egypt and Cyprus. Although she favorite his younger brother, Ptolemy Alexander, popular opinion forced the dowager queen to fire him and to associate Ptolemy Soter on the throne with herself. After telling the king in 115 to divorce his stubborn sister-queen, Cleopatra IV, his mother special Ptolemy to marry his younger, more pliable sister, Cleopatra Selene. The next year, later his brother was sent to Cyprus as governor, Ptolemy Soter looked with his mother as joint rule of Egypt. The latent antagonism between the son and his mother finally broken in October 110, when Cleopatra discharged him from Egypt and retrieved his brother from Cyprus. Soter II given in early 109 but was evicted anew by his mother in March of the coming year.

After a reconciliation in May 108 he taken flight a third time and given himself in Cyprus, from where in 107 he invaded north Syria to serve one of the claimants to the Seleucid imperium, while his mother, allying herself with the Jewish king in Palestine, actively aided another Seleucid sham. During the extended war his mother died (101) and Ptolemy X Alexander gone the sole ruler of Egypt, while Soter II remained strong in Cyprus.

After Alexanders unpopularity got him from Alexandria a second time and he perished at sea, Soter returned to resume sole rule over Egypt. Lacking a queen, he got back his brothers widow, who was also his own daughter, Berenice III, and linked her on the throne with himself. Shortly earlier Soters return in 88 a essential native rebellion erupted around Thebes in Upper Egypt. Afterward three years of hard fighting Thebes capitulated and was made in retribution.

Ptolemy Soter refused to make aid to the Romans in the run of their war with Pontus, a Black Sea realm, and after the Roman clear of Athens in 88 the Egyptian rulers assisted rebuild the city, for which commemorative statues of them were erected. Ptolemy IX died in 81, leaving his daughter and widow as his replacement.

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Ptolemy VIII Euergetes (170-163, 145-116)

Hieroglyphic Name:

Hieroglyphic name of Ptolemy VIII

Ptolemy VIII Euergetes

Ptolemy VIII Euergetes was the eighth swayer of the Ptolemaic Period. He  prevailed from  170 to 163 B.C.E., and  from  145  B.C.E. until  his dying. The son of Ptolemy V Epiphanes and likely Queen Cleopatra (1), he was visited Physcon, or Fatty. The Roman Scipio Africanus given him that soubriquet. He ruled for a time with Ptolemy VI Philometor and  Cleopatra(2) and  then  established to  take  control, expelling  his  brother.  Rome  settled  the  spot,  and Ptolemy VIII  was  presented  Cyrenaica.  At  the  death  of Ptolemy  VI,  he  put  his  nephew,  Ptolemy VII,  to  death  and  married  Cleopatra (2). He  then  tied  a  niece, Cleopatra(3) and aforethought against his first wife, who was frequent.

As  a  lead  of  court  connive,  Ptolemy  VIII  and Cleopatra (3) fled to Cyprus. There they sent for Memphites, a young son of Cleopatra (2), and murdered him. They cut up the body and saved it to Cleopatra (2) as a birthday present. The couple rendered to Egypt c. 118 B.C.E. and  sent  Cleopatra  (2)  into  exile.  She  died  shortly after, but Cleopatra (3) outlived her husband, who died in 116 B.C.E.

In  118  B.C.E., Ptolemy  VIII  issued  the  Amnesty Decree, an drive to put an end to the conflicts between the clear Egyptians and the Greeks. He was considered a somewhat  bruising  but  magnanimous  helper  of Egyptian temples. At Edfu, he was represented in the company of Egypt's defenders, the goddess Buto and Nekhebet, and his investiture fete was staged there. He is also represented on a wall of Kom Ombo, and he set up a temple at Tod (Djerty), near Erment. Ptolemy VIII developed two Mammisi structures, one at Philae and a support temple of Horus at Edfu.

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