Abibaal

Abibaal is the rule in Phoenicia, contemporary Lebanon. Abibaal was active during the reign of Shoshenq I (945-924 B.C.E.) of the Twenty-second Dynasty. Shoshenq I, of Libyan descent, dominated Egypt from the city of Tanis (contemporary San el-Hagar) and was famous as a vigorous military campaigner. Shoshenq I also  fostered Trade with other countries, and Abibaal verbal a accord with him. The Phoenicians had earned a repute for  sailing to farflung  markets in the Aegean and Mediterranean Seas, getting even to the British Isles in explore of copper. As a result, Abibaal and his merchants helped as valuable sources of trade goods for their neighboring states. Abibaal guaranteed Shoshenq Is  extended  goodwill by erecting a monumental statue of him in a Phoenician temple, an act insured to cement relations.

Recent Posts:


·        Natron in Ancient Egypt
·        Kamtjenent
·        Abdu Heba
·        Magnates of the Southern Ten
·        Kamutef
·        Natron Lakes
·        Abgig
·        Obelisk of Senusret I (Abgig Obelisk)
·        Kap
·        Mahirpre
·        Naukratis
·        Kapes

Kapes

The name of Kapes
appear in line ten

The hieroglyphic name of Kapes

Kapes was a royal woman of the Twenty-second Dynasty. She was the accord of Takelot I (909-883 B.C.E.) and plausibly of Libyan or Meshwesh descent. Kapes was an blue blood from Bubastis. She was the mother of Osorkon II (883-855 B.C.E.).

Recent Posts:


·        Kamtjenent
·        Abdu Heba
·        Magnates of the Southern Ten
·        Kamutef
·        Natron Lakes
·        Abgig
·        Obelisk of Senusret I (Abgig Obelisk)
·        Kap
·        Mahirpre
·        Naukratis

Naukratis

Naukratis by Petrie

Naukratis, as well spelled Naucratis, ancient Greek colony in the Nile River delta, on the Canopic (western) break of the river. An emporion (trading station) with individual trading compensates in Egypt, Naukratis was the centre of cultural dealings between Greece and Egypt in the pre-Hellenistic period. The station was established by Milesians in the 7th century bc, but Greeks from other cities too settled there. It expanded throughout the basic period but refused after Alexanders seduction of Egypt and the foundation of Alexandria (332).

The situation of Naukratis was discovered in 1884 by W.M. Flinders Petrie and excavated by Petrie and Ernest Gardner (1884, 86) and by D.G. Hogarth (1899, 1903). They exposed dedications to immortals and Greek pottery that threw gentle on the early history of the Greek ABC's and the commercial natural action of different Greek states, especially in the 6th century bc.

Recent Posts:


·        Kaaper
·        Magical Lullaby
·        Natron in Ancient Egypt
·        Kamtjenent
·        Abdu Heba
·        Magnates of the Southern Ten
·        Kamutef
·        Natron Lakes
·        Abgig
·        Obelisk of Senusret I (Abgig Obelisk)
·        Kap
·        Mahirpre

Mahirpre

Mahirpre was a important official of the Eighteenth Dynasty. He served Tuthmosis IV (1401-1391 B.C.E.) and Amenhotep III (1391-1353 B.C.E.), bearing the title of fanbearer, a romance rank that related get at to the pharaoh and  a  level  of  trust  bestowed  upon  him  by  the  ruler. Mahirpre  was  too  called  a  Child  of  the  Nursery  or  a veteran  of  the  Kap.  This  title  denoted  the  fact  that Mahirpre  was  grown  with  Tuthmosis  IV  and/or  Amenhotep III in the royal apartments held for the children of the ruler. His name implied Lion Of The Battlefield.

Mahirpre was apparently of Nubian blood and was outstanding. He died in his early 20s and was buried in the valley of the kings with  sumptuous  funerary  regalia, demonstrating to his status at court. His wooden sarcophagus was  more  than  nine  feet  long,  painted  and  embellished with gold leaf. Three human coffins were took in his tomb.

Mahirpres mummified clay provide details about him  as  well.  He  was  slightly  established,  with  a  dark  brown skin color.  A  wig  composed  of  corkscrew  curls  was pasted  to  his  skull.  The  skin  on  the  resoles  of  his  feet  is lost. The tomb of Mahirpre included an osiris bed, a depicting  fashioned  of  the  deity  out  of  barleycorn  and  then established. A beautifully illustrated book of the dead was buried with Mahirpre, in which he is showed with dark skin, denoting his racial blood.

Recent Posts:

·        Magical Lullaby
·        Natron in Ancient Egypt
·        Kamtjenent
·        Abdu Heba
·        Magnates of the Southern Ten
·        Kamutef
·        Natron Lakes
·        Abgig
·        Obelisk of Senusret I (Abgig Obelisk)
·        Kap

Kap

Kap, this is a term recorded in the New Kingdom (1550-1070  B.C.E.) texts, taking one in  the  tomb of Amenhotep, Son of Hapu. Egyptian  officials  involved  to know the Secrets of the Kap or were named a Child of the Kap. It was plausibly a military program wont to educate high-ranking individuals, including Nubian princes (from contemporary Sudan), taken to Thebes to be took  in Egyptian traditions. much princes were given priority  in government posts because they vertical as Children of the Kap.

Recent Posts:


·        Kaaper
·        Magical Lullaby
·        Natron in Ancient Egypt
·        Kamtjenent
·        Abdu Heba
·        Magnates of the Southern Ten
·        Kamutef
·        Natron Lakes
·        Abgig
·        Obelisk of Senusret I (Abgig Obelisk)

Obelisk of Senusret I (Abgig Obelisk)

The obelisk of Senusret I

The Obelisk of Senusret I, or the Abgig Obelisk, is about 13 ms high red-granite obelisk, Originally, it was erected in a village named Abgig few km/mis far from the Faiyum City. Later, it was repaired and re-erected at Medinet El faiyum's northern entrance. Though its decoration and lettering are much worn down and hard to make out . it was still standing at its original site close Abgig, when Richard Pococke called the faiyum in the 1740, but sixty  years late a French artist, Jomard, reading memorial for the description de l'Egypte, found it lying on the ground ,cultivated two, and thus it continued until the 1970s when the great stone, weighing altogether 100 tons,was transported,reconstructed and erected on its nowadays site by the local section of Antiquities. It was put up by Senusert the First or the Man of The Goddess Wosret Also knew as  Sesostris  Which is Greek name. His toilet name is Kheper-Ka-Re Which Means The soul of Ra comes into Being.

Recent Posts:


·        Abdi-Milkuti
·        Kaaper
·        Magical Lullaby
·        Natron in Ancient Egypt
·        Kamtjenent
·        Abdu Heba
·        Magnates of the Southern Ten
·        Kamutef
·        Natron Lakes
·        Abgig

Abgig

Abgig in Egypt

Abgig a place in the fertile Faiyum area, south of the Giza  plateau.  Vast  estates  and  orchards  were  situated here,  and  a  large  Stela of  Senwosret I (1971-1926 B.C.E.)  was  discovered  as well.  The  stela  is  now  at Medinet el-Faiyum. Abgig was kept in all periods of Egypt's history as the rustic resources of the area warranted pharaonic attention.

Recent Posts:



·        Narmouthis
·        Abdi-Milkuti
·        Kaaper
·        Magical Lullaby
·        Natron in Ancient Egypt
·        Kamtjenent
·        Abdu Heba
·        Magnates of the Southern Ten
·        Kamutef
·        Natron Lakes

Natron Lakes

Natron Lakes were series of water deposits  in the Wadi Natrun, good contemporary Cairo. The Wadi Natrun attended as a source of Natron, a major chemical element  in  the embalming action of mortuary rituals in all times of ancient Egypt.

This map from Jstor:
Wilkinson (G.), "Some Account of the Natron Lakes of Egypt; In a Letter to W. R. Hamilton, Esq ", The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, Vol. 13 (1843), pp. 113-118.

Recent Posts:


·        Kahay
·        Narmouthis
·        Abdi-Milkuti
·        Kaaper
·        Magical Lullaby
·        Natron in Ancient Egypt
·        Kamtjenent
·        Abdu Heba
·        Magnates of the Southern Ten
·        Kamutef

Kamutef

Kamutef was an ancient Egyptian creator deity, taken a form of the god Amun. A temple was put up on the west  bank of Thebes to honor Kamutef. The temple was  fashioned as a replica of the earlier mound of creation. An image of Kamutef was exhibited, called the Amun of the devoted place. Every 10 days or therefore, this temple was called by a statue of Amun from Thebes. Kamutef was a curved figure in some periods.

Recent Posts:


·        Magical Dream Interpretation
·        Kahay
·        Narmouthis
·        Abdi-Milkuti
·        Kaaper
·        Magical Lullaby
·        Natron in Ancient Egypt
·        Kamtjenent
·        Abdu Heba
·        Magnates of the Southern Ten

Magnates of the Southern Ten

Magnates of the Southern Ten was a  title disciplined by certain governors of the provinces of Upper Egypt, these were normally nomarchs, genetic princes or nobles of ancient  nome  or  provincial  kin,  who  were  entrusted with preserving order and constancy in their homelands on  behalf  of  the  opinion  pharaohs. During the Ptolemaic Period (304-30 B.C.E.), the Magnates of the South Ten and other Egyptian legal organizations were great to the light  populations,  as  the  Greeks  set  laws  for themselves  and  their  allies  and  reserved  the  nomes  to maintain traditional forms for the Egyptian people. Mitry attended during the 5th Dynasty as a provincial administrator of the royal territories. He was too a counselor and judge, a situation called the Magnates of the Southern Ten. found in his tomb at Saqqara, was 11 wooden statues, which were extremely rare in ancient Egypt. Some of these were life-sized portraitures of himself and his wife.

More about the Magnates of the Southern Ten:

Breasted (J. H.), A History of Egypt, Cambridge University Press, 1905, PP. 165, 166.

Recent Posts:



·        Magical Dream Interpretation
·        Kahay
·        Narmouthis
·        Abdi-Milkuti
·        Kaaper
·        Magical Lullaby
·        Natron in Ancient Egypt
·        Kamtjenent
·        Abdu Heba

Abdu Heba

Abdu Heba Prince  of Jerusalem, in modern Israel. He agreed  with Akhenaten (1353-1335 B.C.E.) of the Eighteenth Dynasty concerning the troubled outcomes of the era. The messages sent by Abdu Heba are involved in the accumulation of letters observed in the capital, Amarna, a important accumulation of correspondence that clearly delineates the life and semipolitical convulsions of that historical  period.  This  prince  of  Jerusalem  seems  to  have maintained unstable relations with neighboring rulers, all vassals of the Egyptian Empire. Shuwardata, the prince of Hebron, complained about Abdu Heba, claiming that he raided other cities lands and kin himself with a physical nomadic tribe called the Apiru.

When  Abdu-Heba  heard  of Shuwardatas charges, he wrote Akhenaten to exalt his innocence. He too urged the Egyptian pharaoh to have steps to safeguard the part because  of  growing  unrest  and migrations  from  the  northwest. In one letter,  Abdu  Heba strongly  resisted  against  the  continued  presence  of Egyptian troops in Jerusalem. He called them unsafe and related how these soldiers went on a drunken spree, hooking  his  palace  and  almost  killing  him  in  the  serve.

Recent Posts:


·        Kai-Aper
·        Magical Dream Interpretation
·        Kahay
·        Narmouthis
·        Abdi-Milkuti
·        Kaaper
·        Magical Lullaby
·        Natron in Ancient Egypt
·        Kamtjenent

Kamtjenent

Kamtjenent was a prince of the 5th Dynasty. He was the son of Izezi (Djedkar) (2388-2356 B.C.E.). Not the inheritor to the throne, Kamtjenent answered as a martial commander in established campaigns. He was buried near his father in Saqqara.

Recent Posts:


·        Kaihep
·        Abdiashirta
·        Kai-Aper
·        Magical Dream Interpretation
·        Kahay
·        Narmouthis
·        Abdi-Milkuti
·        Kaaper
·        Magical Lullaby
·        Natron in Ancient Egypt

Natron in Ancient Egypt

Natron Salt

Natron is a by nature occurring mixture of sodium carbonate decahydrate and around 17% sodium bicarbonate on with small quantities of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate. Natron is white to colourless when pure, variable to gray or yellow with drosses. Natron deposits are sometimes got in saline lake beds which arose in arid environments. Throughout history natron has had many practical lotions that continue today in the wide place of contemporary uses of its constituent mineral components.

In contemporary mineralogy the full condition natron has come to good only the sodium carbonate decahydrate (hydrated soda ash) that makes up most of the historical salt.

Natron was used in all periods of ancient Egypt, affiliated especially with the action of embalming and mummification. It was jawed net-jeryt, Belonging the God; besmen, the name of a local god; or besmen  desher, denoting  a  red  change  of  natron  that was  hygroscopic. It was learned  in  Wadi Natrun, close contemporary Cairo, too called the Natron Valley, and in Upper and Lower Egyptian sites. Natron is a variety of sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate or sodium chloride.

The content was originally used as a detersive and as a tooth easier, and in some eras as a glaze for early craft wares. In time natron was used as the main saving agent for  mortuary  rituals. The  basic  element  for embalming, natron was the infusing content for drying corpses and preventing decay. It was used in its dry crystal form, and mummy linens were sometimes wet in natron  before  wrapping. Natron was likewise formed into balls  and  manducated at certain religious observances by the rulers or their priest instances. When the substance was  used in these rituals,  natron represented  the  translated state assumed by the dead in the paradise beyond the serious.

More about the use of Natron in Ancient Egypt:

- Lucas (A.), "The Use of Natron by the Ancient Egyptians in Mummification" ,The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Apr., 1914), pp. 119-123.

- Sandison (A. T.), "The Use of Natron in Mummification in Ancient Egypt", Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Vol. 22, No. 4 (Oct., 1963), pp. 259-267.

Recent Posts:

·        Napata
·        Kahotep
·        Abbott Papyrus
·        Magat
·        Kaihep
·        Abdiashirta
·        Kai-Aper
·        Magical Dream Interpretation
·        Kahay
·        Narmouthis
·        Abdi-Milkuti
·        Kaaper
·        Magical Lullaby

Magical Lullaby

The Magical Lullaby (popularly knew as Charm for the Protection of a Child) is an lettering from the 16th or 17th century BCE. The poem illustrates the ancient Egyptian's physical religious and spiritual does as it is a spell which was sung to ward ghosts off from sleeping children. Magic (famous as heka by the Egyptians after their god of the same name) was a common prospect of daily life and religious and medical applies in ancient Egypt. The Magical Lullaby is one model of the kind of spell which everyday people would use for protection.

Most people, yet, were not 'magicians' and could not regular taken, and therefore certain spells were memorized by seeing and passed down propagation to generation. The Magical Lullaby seems to be one much spell which could be sung by lay people for protection regularly without them having to confabulate with a priest, seer, or doctor.

Recent Posts:

·        Napata
·        Kahotep
·        Abbott Papyrus
·        Magat
·        Kaihep
·        Abdiashirta
·        Kai-Aper
·        Magical Dream Interpretation
·        Kahay
·        Narmouthis
·        Abdi-Milkuti
·        Kaaper