Achillas

Achillas (47 B.C.E.) Military officer of Egypt He helped Ptolemy XIII (51-47 B.C.E.) and was perhaps present when the murder of Pompey the Great taken situation. Pompey had fled to Egypt for safe but was cold on September 28, 48 B.C.E. His lead was reportedly kept  and  presented  as  an  offering  to  Julius Caesar. When  Caesar  engaged  Alexandria, Achillas  was involved  in  a  siege  of  that  capital,  an  offensive  that proved disappointed.

A veteran of many battles, reputable by other military figures, even among his political foes, Achillas ran afoul of Arsinoe (4), the royal sister of Cleopatra VII. Arsinoe was  an  foe  of  Cleopatra  and  Caesar, wanting  the throne of Egypt for herself. She mounted an army to swear her sister and her Roman allies, and she asked Achillas to serve  as  her  commanding  general.  Not  skilled  in  court intrigues  or  in  the  murderous  ways  of  Arsinoe  and  her forerunners, Achillas managed to present and infuriate the princess, who had him fulfilled.

Recent Posts:


·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt
·        Queen Kawit
·        Tomb of Nebamun
·        Achaemenes
·        Kay
·        Devoted Lakes
·        Nebemakhet
·        Kebawet
·        Achaemenians
·        Sanatoria
·        Tjebu (Qaw El Kebir)
·        Nebenteru

Nebenteru

Nebenteru was a priestlike official of the Nineteenth Dynasty. He answered both Seti I (1306-1290 B.C.E.) and Ramses II (1290-1224 B.C.E.) as tight priest of Amun. Nebenteru was a nome patrician who was set high priest in the 17 year of Ramesses reign. He was a falling of the Khety kin of the Ninth and Tenth Dynasties. Nebenterus  son,  Paser (2), became vizier in the  very period. In some listings Nebenteru is simply called Ter. He was the replacement of Nebwenef as high priest.

Recent Posts:


·        Queen Kawit
·        Tomb of Nebamun
·        Achaemenes
·        Kay
·        Devoted Lakes
·        Nebemakhet
·        Kebawet
·        Achaemenians
·        Sanatoria
·        Tjebu (Qaw El Kebir)

Tjebu (Qaw El Kebir)

Tjebu Location

Tjebu or Djew-Qa, was an ancient Egyptian city placed on the eastern bank of the Nile in what is now Sohag Governorate, Egypt. In Greek and Roman Egypt, its figure was Antaeopolis after its protecting deity, the war god known by the Hellenized name Antaeus. Its contemporary name is Qaw El Kebir.

Several large terraced funerary composites in Tjebu by functionaries of the 10th Nome during the Twelfth and Thirteenth Dynasties represent the peak of non-royal funerary architecture of the Middle Kingdom. Cemeteries of different dates were likewise found in the domain. A Ptolemaic temple of Ptolemy IV Philopator, great and fixed under Ptolemy VI Philometor and Marcus Aurelius, was broken in the basic half of the 19th century. The temple in this town was large, comparatively speakingan 18-column pronaos, with a twelve-column hypostyle hall past the lobby hall, the inner sanctum, and 2 flanking chambers of equal size.

The edifice was paid primarily to "Antaeus", who was a warrior fusion of Seth and Horus. This deity's name is written with an obscure hieroglyph (G7a or G7b in the frequent Gardiner list), which gives no clew as to the orthoepy. modern Egyptologists read the name as Nemtiwey. Nephthys was the great goddess who taken worship in this temple, or perchance in an supporting shrine of her own, as the related female office of Nemtiwey. A Prophet of Nephthys is good for Tjebu. In cliffside quarries not far from the ancient site, visitors can see famous reliefs of both Antaeus and Nephthys. At the same time, the site has again drawn most of its concern since 19th- and early 20th-century archaeologists have took the labyrinth of relatively whole tombs in the dominion.

Recent Posts:


·        Harper's Songs
·        Music in Ancient Egypt
·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt
·        Queen Kawit
·        Tomb of Nebamun
·        Achaemenes
·        Kay
·        Devoted Lakes
·        Nebemakhet
·        Kebawet
·        Achaemenians
·        Sanatoria

Sanatoria

Plan of the Sanatoria at Dendera
Source for the map: Nunn (J. F.), Ancient
Egyptian Medicine, University of Oklahoma
Press, 1996, P.111.

Sanatoria was essentially the very ancient close of a medical (or magical) clinic (with hospital properties), where the sick or injured could come to seek therapeutic from the gods and maybe, the wisdom of the priests and scholars of the temple. Regrettably, few much structures remain, though there are ruins at various temples that are thought to perchance be sanatorias (accepting one at Hatshepsut's temple on the West Bank at Thebes (contemporary Luxor). Nevertheless, in the Graeco-Roman Period temple at Dendera dedicated to Hathor we do find a clear instance of this structure. In fact, that sanatoria was plausibly very great and it broken a reputation for healing, getting people from great aloofnesses due to Hathor's report as a goddess of pity.

The sanatoria at Dendera consisted of many chambers where the sick rested while they expected the dreams that might bring divine prescriptions for their recovery. Within this sanatoria was a central courtyard where temple priests would pour water finished statues that had been sliced with magical texts, allowing the magic to pass into the water. This was then given to the unstable for drinking or bathing.

It is entirely potential that the Sanatoria may have been part linked with the "house of life", for there we get the study of music in ancient Egypt.

Recent Posts:


·        Harper's Songs
·        Music in Ancient Egypt
·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt
·        Queen Kawit
·        Tomb of Nebamun
·        Achaemenes
·        Kay
·        Devoted Lakes
·        Nebemakhet
·        Kebawet
·        Achaemenians

Achaemenians

Iran in the age of Achaemenian Dynasty
from ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA

Achaemenians or Achaemenids was a royal  house  of  Persia.  This  dynasty  of  Persia  (contemporary Iran)  ruled  Egypt  as  the  Twenty-seventh  Dynasty  (525-404  B.C.E.)  and  as  the  thirty-basic  dynasty (343-332 B.C.E.).  The  Achaemenians  were  descendants  of  Achaemenes,  the  ruler  of  a  liege  kingdom  in  the  Median Empire  (858-550  B.C.E.).  Cyrus the Great (590-529 B.C.E.), a related of the dynastys founder, overturned the Median line ruling Persia and expanded his control of connected lands. His son, Cambyses, taken Egypt in 525 B.C.E. The  Achaemenians  taken:  Darius I, who  came from a alternative branch of the royal line; Xerxes I; Artaxerxes I Longimanus; Xerxes II; Darius II Nothus; Artaxerxes II Memnon;  Artaxerxes III Ochus Arses; and Darius III Codomanus,  who  fell  before  the  regular armies  of Alexander III the Great about 330 B.C.E.

Recent Posts:


·        Harper's Songs
·        Music in Ancient Egypt
·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt
·        Queen Kawit
·        Tomb of Nebamun
·        Achaemenes
·        Kay
·        Devoted Lakes
·        Nebemakhet
·        Kebawet

Kebawet

Kebawet was an early goddess in Egypt, worshiped only locally and disappearing as the divinities of the land assumed  roles  in  the  government  and  in  daily  life, Kebawet was visited the goddess of cold water libations, an  factor  taken  vital  for  paradise.  She  was  thus role  of  the  mortuary rituals, representing  desired properties of Amenti in the West.

Recent Posts:


·        Achaean League
·        Mammisi
·        Harper's Songs
·        Music in Ancient Egypt
·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt
·        Queen Kawit
·        Tomb of Nebamun
·        Achaemenes
·        Kay
·        Devoted Lakes
·        Nebemakhet

Nebemakhet

The hieroglyphic
name of Nebemakhet

Nebemakhet was a king's boy and a vizier during the 4th Dynasty. Nebemakhet was the son of King Khafre and Queen Meresankh III. He is shown in his mother's tomb and in his own tomb at Giza.

Nebemakhet is depicted in the tomb of his mother Meresankh III (G7530-5440). His brothers Duaenre, Niuserre (A) and Khenterka as shown there also, as is a sister discovered Shepsetkau. His maternal grandfather was the Crown Prince Kawab. Nebemakhet was married to a lady called Nubhotep. In Nebemakhet's own tomb his brothers Duaenre and Niuserre are related likewise as a brother named Ankhmare. Nebemakhet's sister appears several times in pictures accompanying her brother.

Nebemakhet was a King's Son of His Body and a transmitted Prince and would have raised up at court. He held numerous titles during his life letting in Eldest of the Senwet [family] of His Father, Scribe of the Divine Book of His Father, Sole Confidant of His Father, Master of the Mysteries of His Father, Chief Judge and Vizier, Chief Ritualist, and High-priest (of the Ha-god).

Tomb of Nebemakhet:

Floor plan of tomb (L86),
tomb of Nebemakhet

He was buried in tomb G 8172 (LG 86) after his original tomb (LG 12) was abandoned. The tomb is set in the Central Field which is part of the Giza Necropolis. The tomb was in a highly finished state when Nebemakhet died. The wall were inscribed in relief and painted in bright colors. The tomb consists of two mounted chapels and several shafts. The main catch leads to the outer chapel which disciplined several niches and a dig in the north-west corner. A doorway leads to another room containing several more niches and an inside chapel. This second room taken two more burial tools.

The outer chapel pictures Nebemakhet and his sister Shepsetkau regarding some agricultural settings on the south wall. Pieces of scenes depicting the capturing of birds in nets can set be seen. The western wall points Nebemakhet in a papyrus boat in the marshes with a fish-spear in his hand. The scene is mostly finished because (in antiquity) a important niche was cut in the wall. Remaining scenes show people holding fish, birds and other animals. One register points the Construction of a papyrus canoe and then a fit of cattle tracking a river. The wall controls a depiction of a line of offer bearers bringing belongings from the estates of Khafre.

In the doorway to the inner chapel a scene is kept showing the sculptor Semerka and his colleague Inkaf. These two men were responsible for some of the work in the tomb. The inscription reads: "His Rewarded One, who inscribed for him this, his tomb, the Sculptor Semerka. His Rewarded One, who made for him this, his tomb, with the work In-ka-f".

In the inner room Nebemakhet and his sister Shepsetkau seem before their mother: "His Mother, She Who Sees Horus and Set, The Great Ornament, the Great Precious (or Praised), the King's Wife Meresankh". Nearby Nebemakhet is showed in a scene with his sister and this time they are attended by their brother Duaenre. Nubhotep, Nebemakhet's wife, is likewise showed in the inner chapel. She has the titles royal familiarity, Priestess of Hathor, Mistress of the Sycamore in all her places, Honorable by the god. Further scenes in the inner chapel point scenes from daily life accepting craft shops and metalworking.

Recent Posts:

·        Achaean League
·        Mammisi
·        Harper's Songs
·        Music in Ancient Egypt
·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt
·        Queen Kawit
·        Tomb of Nebamun
·        Achaemenes
·        Kay
·        Devoted Lakes

Devoted Lakes

We consider that most temple precincts taken a precious lake. Archaeologists have excavated a number of these, and therefore we know that leastways from the New Kingdom times, these lakes were rectangular in form with straight, or sometimes with sides that were slightly curved future. However, other forms of devoted lakes existed also, much as the horseshoe shaped pool (famous as an isherw-water) that enclosed the main edifices in the precious precinct of Mut at Karnak. Another form, which was the pool that completely closed the main cult situation called the Osireion at Abydos and too encircled the shrines of the Maru-Aten at el-Amarna.

These lakes were usually cut deep enough to take advantage of the underlying ground water and then lined with stone. On the side of the lake looking the actual temple complex, a staircase was took in order to reach the level of the water, which fired vary at different times of the year.

blessed, or precious lakes (pools), were knew to the Egyptians as shi-netjer (she netjeri), but they were likewise provided with several names like most major components of the temple complex. They usually went on both a symbolic and real level. Physically, they could put up the priests of the temple with a reservoir of water to bath in at dawn before entry the temple to begin their day's work, too as a source of water for ritual refinement and offerings.

But symbolically, the lake was an essential piece in the ancient Egyptian's concept of creation. It was from the primeval waters that life basic developed, and each morning as the sun got was renewed each morning, the Aten (sun disk) would rise previous the sacred lake, standing for in a real manner the same primary forces of life and creation. Furthermore, at Karnak, some pens which held geese would grant the birds to flight each morning through a particular tunnel on to the surface of the lake. The goose was one of the important god Amun's forms in his role as creator. There were, of course, too blessed lakes associated with the cult of Sobek, that held crocodiles. Other ritualistic ceremonies much as those linked with the resurrection of Osiris at Sais were also performed on the shores of that temple's divine lake.

Of the devoted lakes that are knew to us, the one at the Temple of Karnak (by far the greatest) is precious, for it has been cleaned and flooded in order to give us an thought as to the original show of this component of the temple precinct.

Recent Posts:


·        Kassites
·        Achaean League
·        Mammisi
·        Harper's Songs
·        Music in Ancient Egypt
·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt
·        Queen Kawit
·        Tomb of Nebamun
·        Achaemenes
·        Kay

Kay

Kay was a priest of the Fourth Dynasty (2575-2465  B.C.E.)  who  was  precious  by  some  rulers  of Egypt. Kay  helped  Snefru,  Khufu (Cheops),  Radjedef, and Khafre (Chephren). August for his years of right service, Kay was entombed in Giza beside the great pyramid of Khufu.  His tomb takes  beautiful  pictures of daily life, funerary scenes, and human has.

Recent Posts:


·        Kashta
·        Mallawi
·        Nebamun
·        Kassites
·        Achaean League
·        Mammisi
·        Harper's Songs
·        Music in Ancient Egypt
·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt
·        Queen Kawit
·        Tomb of Nebamun
·        Achaemenes

Achaemenes

Achaemenes was a Prince of Persia late by an Egyptian rebel. He was the son of Darius I (521-486 B.C.E.). The prince was  named  satrap,  or regulator, of the Nile by his brother  Xerxes I (486-466  B.C.E.),  Darius  Is heritor. In 481 B.C.E., Achaemenes led a combatant force published of conscripted  Egyptians  gathered  to  conduct  various  military runs, including rounds on the Greeks. These wholes were frustrated at the battle of salamis by the Greeks. Returning  to  Egypt,  Achaemenes  action  the  harsh ruling  policies  of  Xerxes,  enslaving  Egypt  as  a  Persian province  with  little  value.  some  a  policy  stemmed  from Persian decline for the Egyptian religious or philosophical  heritage  and  a  firm belief  in  the  unique  revelations interesting  human  things  which  had  been  contributed upon  the  Persian  people.  The  arrogation  of  temple wealth  was  carried out  at  least  in  one  instance,  and Xerxes  did  not  endear  himself to  the captured  Egyptians by bearing ancient titles or roles in holding with Nile traditions.

In 460 B.C.E., Inaros, a light Egyptian and a prince of  Heliopolis, gone  a  full-scale  rising.  Inaros, heeled  in  some  records  as  a  son  of  Psammetichus III (Psamtik) (526-525 B.C.E.), set up an independent capital at Memphis. Achaemenes gone an army against Inaros, facing up him at Papremis, a Delta site. There the Persian prince passed on the field. His death motivated the terrible  correctional  campaign  conducted  against  Inaros  by  a veteran  Persian  standard,  Megabyzus. Queen  Atossa, Prince  Achaemenes  mother,  took  that  Inaros  be crucified, an act protested by General Megabyzus.

Recent Posts:


·        Mallawi
·        Nebamun
·        Kassites
·        Achaean League
·        Mammisi
·        Harper's Songs
·        Music in Ancient Egypt
·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt
·        Queen Kawit
·        Tomb of Nebamun

Tomb of Nebamun

Nebamun appear in this scene from his tomb

The Tomb of Nebamun from the Dynasty XVIII was excavated in the Theban Necropolis located on the western bank of the Nile at Thebes (contemporary Luxor), in Egypt. The tomb was the author of a number of famous inflamed tomb shots that are currently on display in the British Museum, London.

Nebamun (1350 BCE) was a middle-ranking official scriber and grain return at the temple complex in Thebes. His tomb was named in 1820 by a young Greek, Giovanni ("Yanni") dAthanasi, who was doing as an agent for Henry Salt, the British Consul-General.

Scene of cat attacking
birds from Nebamun's
tomb

The tomb's wet walls were richly and skilfully mounted with lively fresco pictures, depicting idealised views of Nebamuns life and activities. DAthanasi and his workingmen literally hacked out the bits he wanted with knives, saws and crowbars. Cutting sold these works to the British Museum in 1821, though special of other fragments became situated in Berlin and perchance Cairo. DAthanasi later died in impoverishment without ever revealing the tombs exact location.

Scene for dancers and
musicians from Nebamun's
tomb

The best-famous of the tombs paintings accept Nebamun fowl hunting in the marshes, dancing girls at a banquet, and a pond in a garden. In 2009 the British Museum opened up a new gallery devoted to the display of the repaired eleven wall shards from the tomb. They have been drawn as the best paintings from ancient Egypt to have survived, and as one of the Museum's greatest gems.

several scenes from the paintings have been applied by artists in more modern times. Lawrence Alma-Tadema one a scene of geese crowding for a wall decoration shown in his Joseph, Overseer of Pharaohs Granary (1874), and Paul Gauguin used component of a banquet scene as a compositional plan in his Ta Matete(1892).

Recent Posts:


·        Nebamun
·        Kassites
·        Achaean League
·        Mammisi
·        Harper's Songs
·        Music in Ancient Egypt
·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt
·        Queen Kawit

Queen Kawit

The hieroglyphic
of Kawit

Queen Kawit was an ancient Egyptian queen consort, a deeper ranking wife of King Mentuhotep II of the 11th Dynasty. Her tomb (DBXI.9) and small inflamed chapel were observed in her conserve's Deir el-Bahari temple compound, behind the main building, along with the tombs of five other ma'am, Ashayet, Henhenet, Kemsit, Sadeh and Mayet. She and 3 other women of the six bore grand titles, and most of them were priestesses of Hathor, therefore it is possible that they were buried there as part of the goddess's cult, but it is too possible that they were the girls of nobles the king wanted to keep an eye upon.

Queen Kawit, picture from her sarcophagus

Her gemstone sarcophagus is now in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. The queen is showed with short hair, she is sitting on a chair, a retainer girl is arranging her hair, while a servant is running her a drink. On her sarcophagus her only titles are priestess and King's Ornament (a title for noble ladies at court), her queenly title seems only in her chapel. too in her tomb were six small wax figurines portrayal Kawit, in small wooden coffins, these may be early readings of ushabti.

The queen was likewise shown on reliefs in the funerary temple of her conserve Mentuhotep II. These portrayals are today heavily broken, but it seems that she appeared in a scene showing a row of royal women. On the canned fragments she is shown before queen Kemsit. Her title in the depiction is beloved king's wife. Her titles were: King's Beloved Wife.

Recent Posts:


·        Kashta
·        Mallawi
·        Nebamun
·        Kassites
·        Achaean League
·        Mammisi
·        Harper's Songs
·        Music in Ancient Egypt
·        Musical Tools in Ancient Egypt