Amarna Letters

Amarna Letters

Amarna Letters, a collecting of agreement spanning the reigns  of  Amenhotep III (1391-1353  B.C.E.), Akhenaten (1353-1335 B.C.E.), and into the first year of Tutankhamuns rule (1333-1323  B.C.E.),  these were learned  in  the  ruins  of  Akhenaten's capital  of Amarna in  1887,  taken  from  a  site  described  the  Place  of the Letters of the Pharaohs. Some 382 cuneiform tablets constitute the body of the assembling, written in the old Babylonian accent of the Akkadians, the lingua franca of the  territory at  the  time.  This  adopted  language  used altered  Egyptian  and  Syrian  terms  as  well.  The  letters take  diplomatic  texts  that  reflect  the  switching  trade and military exploits of the era. They are actually representations of proportionateness between noted kingdoms, providing insights into commitments, protocol, pacts, vassal status,  and  the  ever-changing  lands  of  competing empires.

Recent Posts:


·        Neferherenptah (Priest)
·        Meketaten
·        Khons
·        Khunianupu
·        Amara
·        Neferheteperes (Princess)
·        Meketre
·        Khusebek

Khusebek

The Stele of Khusebek

Khusebek was a military  official  of the Twelfth Dynasty. He answered Senwosret III (1878-1841 B.C.E.) as a commander of troops. Khusebek kept company Senwosret III on  punitive  campaigns  in  Syria  and  in  Nubia (modern Sudan).  His  mortuary  Stela heralds  his  career  and honors, particularizations the military causes of his time. The stella was discovered at Abydos.

Recent Posts:



·        El-Khokha
·        Neferherenptah (Priest)
·        Meketaten
·        Khons
·        Khunianupu
·        Amara
·        Neferheteperes (Princess)
·        Meketre

Meketre

The hieroglyphic of Meketre

The Ancient Egyptian official Meketre was chancellor and high custodian during the rule of Mentuhotep II, Mentuhotep III and maybe Amenemhat I, in the Middle Kingdom.

Meketre is first genuine in a rock dedication in the Wadi Shatt el-Rigala. Here he bears the simple title sealer. The inscription is dated to year 41 of king Mentuhotep II. On rests from the mortuary temple of the very king in Deir el-Bahari Meketre takes the title of chancellor and was evidently advertised in the meantime, succeeding Kheti. The same title was learned on a statue in Meketre's tomb while on relief fragmentizes in the tomb he held the important title of high custodian. The tomb (TT280) is located in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, section of the Theban Necropolis, and lies next to a large, incomplete royal tomb which was originally ascribed to king Mentuhotep III and, afterward new researchs, to Amenemhat I. Therefore, Meketre most future died under the latter king.

Chancellor Méketre watch
the counting of his cattle

Meketre's tomb TT280 contained some wooden replicas, representing the daily activities and life in Ancient Egypt, together with statuettes of ships and cattle were, miniature edifices and gardens.

Recent Posts:



·        Neferherenptah
·        El-Khokha
·        Neferherenptah (Priest)
·        Meketaten
·        Khons
·        Khunianupu
·        Amara
·        Neferheteperes (Princess)

Neferheteperes (Princess)

Neferheteperes (c. 2566-2558 BC) princess (Queen?) of Fourth Dynasty, Old Kingdom. Neferheteperes was the girl of King Djedefre, the replacement of King Khnum-Khufu. It has been speculated that she was besides a queen, the mother of King Userkaf, the abandon of the Fifth Dynasty, whose mother bore the same name. If this were the face, she would be specially significant in the publicity of the solar religion, which gone markedly more important in the Fifth Dynasty under the influence of the priests of Heliopolis. A story, current in the late Old Kingdom, ascribed the fatherhood of the first pharaohs of the Fifth Dynasty to the god Ra by a mortal woman, Radjedet. Part of a statue of Neferheteperes was learned at Abu Roash.

Recent Posts:



·        Neferherenptah
·        El-Khokha
·        Neferherenptah (Priest)
·        Meketaten
·        Khons
·        Khunianupu
·        Amara

Amara

Stela at Amara

Amara was a fortified site about Wadi Halfa on the Nile in Nubia, modern  Sudan,  Amara  was  launched  by  Seti I (1306-1290 B.C.E.). There are two settlements involved in Amara,  on  the  eastern  and  western  relies  of  the  river. Amara West was a vast Fortress complex with introducing walls  and  defences. Amara  East dates to the Meroitic Period (c. 300 B.C.E.350 A.D.). The rests of a Ramessid temple, likely erected by Ramesses II (1290-1224 B.C.E.), and a necropolis were discovered here.

Recent Posts:



·        Amada
·        Mekes
·        Khnumt
·        Neferherenptah
·        El-Khokha
·        Neferherenptah (Priest)
·        Meketaten
·        Khons
·        Khunianupu

Khunianupu

Eloquent Peasant, the famous sage of the First Intermediate Period. Khunianupu knew in the rule of Khety II (2100 B.C.E.). accepting endured harsh intervention at the hands of an functionaries son, Khunianupu petitioned the Egyptian court system for correct, eventually  coming to the attention of Khety II. The Eloquent Peasant, as he was called, was invited to the court and observed as a sage. Khunianupu received a generous judgment and was asked to address his  associate  Egyptians. His  admonitions about honor and justice  were discovered in four New Kingdom (1550-1070 B.C.E.) papyri.

Recent Posts:



·        Amada
·        Mekes
·        Khnumt
·        Neferherenptah
·        El-Khokha
·        Neferherenptah (Priest)
·        Meketaten
·        Khons

Khons

Khons was a priestly official of the Nineteenth Dynasty. He  processed  in  the  reign of Ramesses II (1290-1224 B.C.E.) as the leading priest of the fad of the deified Tuthmosis III. His tomb was saw at El-Khokha on the western position of Thebes. Within  the  tomb the rages of Tuthmosis III and  Montu are  depicted  in reliefs and paintings. The cap of the tomb chamber  as well  has birds, grapes, and textile designs. The reaching of the bark of the god Montu is elaborately portrayed.

Recent Posts:



·        Neferabet
·        Amada
·        Mekes
·        Khnumt
·        Neferherenptah
·        El-Khokha
·        Neferherenptah (Priest)
·        Meketaten

Meketaten

The hieroglyphic
name of Meketaten

Meketaten or Meket-Aten was the second girl of six born to the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten and his Great Royal Wife Nefertiti. She was credibly born in year 4 of Akhenaten's rule. Although little is famous about her, she is frequently drawn with her sisters incidental her royal raises in the first two thirds of Akhenaten's rule. Meketaten was the second daughter born to Akhenaten and Nefertiti. She had an older sister addressed Meritaten and 4 secondary sisters addressed Ankhesenpaaten, Neferneferuaten Tasherit, Neferneferure and Setepenre. Tutankhaten was a half-brother.

Statue of Meketaten

Meketatens round year of birth is in or before year 4 of Akhenaten. Meketaten is first showed on the walls of the Hut-benben temple gave to her mother Nefertiti in Thebes. Meketaten seems behind her older sister Meritaten in some of the later letterings, thought to date to year 4 or later. Further lines to suggest Meketaten was ready in or before year 4 come from the fact that her form was added to one of the boundary stela recording events in year 4 and carved in year 5.

Meketaten gone to the new capital city Akhetaten with her family when she was fixed a small child. She is depicted in several of the tombs of the nobles in Amarna. Meketaten is depicted in the tomb of Ay making a tray of gifts while winding one arm around her mothers neck. Other monuments mentioning Meketaten take a stela from Heliopolis, a statue base from the Fayoum, and the tombs of Panehesy and Parennefer. Meketaten was depicted with her parents and sisters at the reception of foreign tributes  a ceremonial dating to year 12 - that can be seen on several scenes in the private tombs in Amarna of high-ranking officials described Huya and High Priest Meryre II.

Meketaten on the
bosom of her mother

Meketaten died in approximately year 14 of Akhenaten. It is very likely that a plague dragged across Egypt between Akhenaten's 12th and 15th regnal years, for legion members of the royal family stop to be mentioned again; among them Queen Mother Tiye, Queen Nefertiti, Akhenaten's incidental wife Kiya, Meketaten and the two youngest princesses, Neferneferure and Setepenre. Meketaten's end could have ensued either from a hassle, or from childbirth. The mien of a royal baby makes many to believe the young princess went in childbirth (in this subject the father Akhenaten himself, is most likely to have been tying his daughter), but it cannot be proven. An alternative reading suggested by van Dijk is that the child depicted in the scenes is the soul (the ka) of Meketaten.

Fragments of Meketatens sarcophagus were found in the royal tomb. Dedications reference her parents Akhenaten and Nefertiti, her sister Ankhesenpaaten besides as her grandparents Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye.

Recent Posts:



·        Khnumhotep I
·        Khnumhotep II
·        Khnumhotep III
·        Neferabet
·        Amada
·        Mekes
·        Khnumt
·        Neferherenptah
·        El-Khokha
·        Neferherenptah (Priest)

Neferherenptah (Priest)

Neferherenptah was addressed Fifi, Priest, Fifth / Sixth Dynasties, Old Kingdom, c. 2345 BC. Neferherenptah was a refining priest and prophet of the mortuary cults of the kings Khafre and Menkaure. He was thus of considerable influence in Giza, where he was buried in his own mastaba.

His tomb contained statues, rather simple in role and now in the Cairo Museum, of himself, of his wife, the Royal Acquaintance Sat-Meret; his son Tesen, a butcher in the palace slaughterhouse; and his girl Meretites.

Recent Posts:



·        Khnumhotep I
·        Khnumhotep II
·        Khnumhotep III
·        Neferabet
·        Amada
·        Mekes
·        Khnumt
·        Neferherenptah
·        El-Khokha

El-Khokha

Upper view for Khokha

Scene of keeping fish
from tomb (TT39)

El-Khokha is a site between Sheikh Abd El-Qurna and Deir El-Bahri, functioning as a necropolis on the westward side of the Nile at Thebes. Tombs going out to the 6th Dynasty (2323-2150  B.C.E.) were discovered in  this necropolis, cut into the rocks. New Kingdom (1550-1070  B.C.E.) tombs were besides established in El-Khokha.  Several of the burial situations are attractively painted and have fine reliefs.

Recent Posts:



·        Khnumhotep I
·        Khnumhotep II
·        Khnumhotep III
·        Neferabet
·        Amada
·        Mekes
·        Khnumt
·        Neferherenptah

Neferherenptah

The hieroglyphic name
of Neferherenptah

Neferherenptah was an Official of the Fifth Dynasty, Old Kingdom, c. 2380 BC. Neferherenptah died briefly before the addition of King Unas. He was a Royal Acquaintance, Inspector of Artisans and Overseer of the Carpenters. When work began on the kings pyramid and the causeway leading to it, Neferherenptah's tomb was incomplete. It contains, however, drawings which, had they been carved as reliefs, would have been of exceptional quality. They show the tomb owner hunting, observing birdlife, savoring his garden, watching the harvest and the vintage.

Recent Posts:



·        Khnumhotep I
·        Khnumhotep II
·        Khnumhotep III
·        Neferabet
·        Amada
·        Mekes
·        Khnumt

Khnumt

Khnumt was a royal woman of the 20th Dynasty She was likely the daughter of Amenemhet II (1929-1892 B.C.E.). Khnumt was entombed during his prevailat Dashur. A cache of her royal gems was found in  the necropolis there, and the necklaces and crowns are remarkable for their peach and craft. A trapdoor covered the entry of her tomb, hiding it from robbers. A sandstone sarcophagus was in place in the tomb, but her mummified stays were badly damaged by robbers.

Recent Posts:



·        Neferhotep (Priest)
·        Khian
·        Meir
·        Khnumhotep I
·        Khnumhotep II
·        Khnumhotep III
·        Neferabet
·        Amada
·        Mekes

Mekes

Mekes was an ancient Egyptian royal Scepter intentional to be flat at one end, the mekes was pharaonic abilities in royal rites and was used by the rulers in many old periods at formal court or temple ceremonials. The original cultic symbolism of the scepter is not noted, and the ritual role is not clear.

Recent Posts:



·        Khian
·        Meir
·        Khnumhotep I
·        Khnumhotep II
·        Khnumhotep III
·        Neferabet
·        Amada

Amada

Amada Location

Amada was a locate in Nubia, modern Sudan, Amada  was where a temple sacred to the gods Amun and  Ra Horakhte was got by Tuthmosis IV (1401-1391 B.C.E.)  and mounted by Amenhotep III (1391-1353 B.C.E.). Tuthmosis IV extended  the  shrine  during  his rule. The shrine is observed for fine reliefs in color and for images of Messuy, the viceroy of Kush, as Nubia was addressed.  Merenptah's cartouches are as well preserved there. Messuys showing at Amada led to his recognition in some eras with Amunmesses, a supplanter observing Merenptahs rule (1224-1214 B.C.E.).

Amada Temple

King Thutmose III in front
the deities at Amada

The essential temple at Amada was put up by Ramesses II (1290-1224  B.C.E.)  with columned halls and Osiride statues of that  pharaoh. Two stelae, one dedicated to Amun-R and the other harbingering the arrival of a Hittite princess as Ramesses II's bride, were learned  there. particular paintings, halls, a sanctuary, and a chapel to the god Thoth practiced the temple design. Two more stelae, honoring different officials of the eras, were  also described on the site. The temple of Amada was went when the Aswan High Dam was manufactured.

Recent Posts:



·        Altar
·        Mehy
·        Neferhotep (Priest)
·        Khian
·        Meir
·        Khnumhotep I
·        Khnumhotep II
·        Khnumhotep III
·        Neferabet