Osireion

Osireion

The  name  given  to  the  Cenotaph of  Seti i (r.  1306–1290  b.c.e.)  at  Abydos, erected  to  serve  as  his enormous  mortuary  temple  in  Osiris  holy  metropolis,  the  shape became unfinished at the time of Seti i’s death. his grand-son Merenptah (r.  1224–1214  b.c.e.)  completed  it  in  his honor,  and  the  temple  stands  as  a  awesome  example of Egyptian architectural and artistic advances. the custom  of  erecting  cenotaphs,  or  false,  secondary  tombs, in  the  holy  city  of  Abydos  dates  to  the  earliest  eras  on  the Nile. Seti i’s temple meditated this culture but added the factors of the artisans and builders of his era. the walls of this temple were blanketed with passages from the e-book of the lifeless, the  e-book  of  gates, astronomical  treatises, and other texts. a unique function of the Osireion became an island that became surrounded through canals that held the water. the  fake  sarcophagus of  the  pharaoh  rested  on  the island.

A portico opened onto a shrine, main to the first Hypostyle  hall  that  contained  12  pairs  of  papyrus columns  and  complex  and  beautiful  reliefs.  seven chapels had been additionally included in the layout and caused a 2nd  Hypostyle  corridor  that  had  reliefs  of  nome  standards. the  gods  commemorated  in  this  section  encompass  Ptah,  Ré-harakhte, Amun, Osiris, Isis, Horus, and Ptah-sokar. an Osirian chapel results in a Cultic ceremonial hall with  chambers. the gallery of the king lists is on this phase, alongside  a  hall  of  bulls,  and  a  shrine  for  a  Sokar boat. the authentic shrine at the web page turned into probable erected inside the antique nation (2575–2134 b.c.e.). Seti i’s structure, constructed on the inspiration, turned into made out of quartzite, sandstone, and granite. Merenptah (1224–1214 b.c.e.) brought an extended passage, embellished with scenes from the book of the dead.

Shunet ez Zebib

Shunet ez Zebib

This site (Shunet ez Zebib) is a double walled fort referred to as “the storehouse of dates” and positioned at the northern boundary of Abydos at Umm el-Ga’ab, this necropolis region dates to the early dynastic length (2920–2575 b.c.e.). the funerary enclosure of Kha’sekhemwy (r. c. 2649 b.c.e.) changed into product of mud brick and erected at the website. it's miles revered because the oldest standing enormous shape in the global and is a part of Shunet ez Zebib. the walls of the complete structure are giant. cenotaphs were located, in addition to a sequence of boat pits.

Umm el-Ga’ab (Umm el-Qa'ab)

General view of area of Umm el-Ga’ab

Umm El-Ga’ab or Umm el-Qa'ab, it was the necropolis of the metropolis of Abydos, referred to as  “the  mother  of  pots”  by using  present day  neighborhood  residents. this become one in every of Egypt’s earliest cemeteries, utilized by the  rulers  of  the  first  dynasty  (2920–2770  b.c.e.).  second dynasty (2770–2649 b.c.e.) monuments, associated with Peribsen and Kha’sekhemwy, had been also determined on the website,  referred to as  “Peger”  in  some  data.  a few  Predynastic graves are also at Umm El-Ga’ab.

the  superstructures  of  the  royal  tombs  have  been destroyed  over  the  centuries,  exposing  the  stays  of brick-covered  burial  pits.  the  rulers  deposited  Stelae  and clay sealing in those chambers as well as ivory figurines and  mortuary  furniture.  the  tomb  of  Djer, the  2d ruler of the first dynasty, was declared the resting place of the deity Osiris. as a end result, the tomb obtained many honors and votive offerings, specially for the duration of the new nation  duration  (1550–1070  b.c.e.).  a  tomb  relationship  to the  twenty-first  dynasty  (1070–945  b.c.e.)  changed into  erected for  Psusennes,  the  son  of  the  high  priest  of  Amun, Menkheperresenb (2), at Umm El-Ga’ab. the tomb has a chapel,  burial  shaft,  and  mortuary  stela.  the  web page  is famous for the sounds made by way of the finely grained sands of  the  place.  this  sand  makes  Aeolian  melodies  whilst blown  over  the  ruins  and  the  dunes  by using  the  wind.  the Egyptians believed the sounds originated within the tombs.