The Queens Pyramids at Giza

The Queens Pyramids next to Khufu pyramid

Just south of the Great Pyramid, Hermann Junker observed a rock-cut passage, which he meant was planned as a queens pyramid, but was broken when the three queens pyramids were built to the east. During social organisation of Khufu pyramid the domain to the south was plausibly free of structures because it was covered by the add ramp, which huge farther south to the target. Another subsidiary pyramid, with a base of 20 metre square, was found south of the pyramid, but very Microscopic stays of it. 

The Great Pyramid of Khufu

Great Pyramid of Khufu

The  Giza  complex pyramid   is  built  on  a  pointed  plateau.  The  largest  pyramid,  the Great Pyramid, is developed on the northwest inch of the plateau. Egyptologists  believe  that  it  was  established  by  Khufu  of  the  4th  dynasty  based  on  a  span  of cartouches  found  in  the  granite  relieving  chambers.  The  pyramid  is  otherwise  void  of dedications. The Great Pyramid is built from 2.3 million stone stops, mostly pressing around 2 tonnes.

Entrance of the great pyramid

It besides has granite blocks in its private chambers weighing up to 60 to 70 tonnes. The height of the Great Pyramid is 146 metres tall which is particular to the height of a 50 story constructing and was the tallest social structure ever built until the Eiffel Tower was built. 

Many  casual  observers  wear  that  the  Great  Pyramid  is  in  the  middle  of  the  three  major pyramids on the Giza Plateau but it is really the pyramid linked with Khafre that is the center  pyramid  of  the  three.  Exactly  south-west  of  the  Great  Pyramid  is  the  pyramid associated with Khafre. This pyramid is only 2 ms lower in height and still has quite a number of its special limestone casing stones left towards the top of it. 

There were nearly 120 000 encasing stones made of gleaming white tura limestone that in the beginning incase the pyramids at Giza before they were stripped wide to construct edifices in the city of Cairo. They would have been dazzling bright from many miles outside and  made  the  pyramids  shine  like  white  jewels  in  the sunshine. 

Pyramid Complex of Khufu

The complex  pyramid of Khufu has all of the elements of the traditional pyramid, though many are now long gone. Around the pyramid's walls there are 5 huge boat-shaped pits. In 1954 the pit on the south-eastern side was found to contain a completely dismantled wooden boat, the 'Solar Boat', thought to be used in the king's funerary procession. This boat has now been rebuilt and is now on display in a businesslike museum near where it was found. Although it has not yet been excavated, in 1987 the Egyptian Antiquities Organisation tried the second boat pit on the south-east, using a special probe. This was also found to arrest a boat similar to the first. The mortuary temple on the oriental side of the pyramid today comprises only of the clay of a large perpendicular courtyard covered with basalt paving material, which must have been over 50m wide. It was destroyed in antiquity and its plan is now tough to reconstruct, but of the few fragments of reliefs got there, motives include the sed-festival and the festival of the white Hippopotamus Amphibius. Khufu's causeway has now Almost disappeared and has only been partly tested. Its original length has been guessed at around 810m, abruptly changing direction before it gave the valley temple. The destroys of the valley temple, which was mostly burned in antiquity, are now engrossed by the modern village of Nazlet es-Simman to the north-east. Recent diggings by the Egyptian Antiquities Organisation in 1990 have revealed the remains of a dark green basalt pavage and the continuance of the causeway at the base of the escarpment. At the edge of the pavement a mudbrick wall meant to be 8m thick, proposes that a pyramid-town may have existed near the valley temple.

Better continued are Khufu's 3 small queens' pyramids on the eastern side of the Great Pyramid and across the road running or so the monument. The first pyramid to the north (G1-a), goes to Khufu's mother Hetepheres which was turned up by American Egyptologist George A Reisner in 1925. Hetepheres was the wife of Sneferu and probably the mother of Khufu. Reisner's team found Hetpheres's pretty funerary furniture and other inhumation equipment in a shaft tomb (G7000x) to the north of the queen's pyramid. Her empty coffin, gold jewellery and covered canopic chest was observed with broken wooden furniture now rebuilt and on show in Cairo Museum. The queen's remains were missing, however, and this has puzzled Egyptologists and has led to many hypotheses about the location of her latest sepulture. The second queen's pyramid (G1-b) plausibly belongs to to Meretites who lived during the dominates of Sneferu, Khufu and Khafre reported to an inscription in the nearby mastaba of Kawab, Khufu's son. The third small pyramid (G1-c) may have belonged to Henutsen, daughter of Sneferu and Khufu's half-sister. Her name is known only from an dedication in the pyramid's chapel which was converted to a Temple of Isis during Dynasties XXI to XXVI. The goddess Isis (or Isi) was wanted as 'Lady of the Pyramids' at Giza until Roman times. The pyramids of Khufu's queens gave for the first time ever in 1998 after the restoration of the exterior masonry and the removal of black situations and salt stains from the chamber walls, by the Egyptian Antiquities Organisation. Wooden staircases, new lighting and respiration were installed. Recent archeological sites at the south-east corner of Khufu's pyramid have revealed a destroyed satellite pyramid with T-shaped inner chambers and a descending corridor ending in a rectangular vaulted burial chamber. A larger limestone block with three sloping sides was found on the satellite pyramid's south side which proved to be the base of its pyramidion. Other stones of the pyramidion were found a year later on the north side of the pyramid. Not a single image of King Khufu has been observed in the total of his pyramid complex. The only known figure of the builder of one of the world's greatest monuments is a small ivory statuette only 7.6 cm high, which was got at Abydos. The statuette of the king on his throne has the Horus make of Khufu, Hor-Mejedu.