Umm el-Ga’ab (Umm el-Qa'ab)

General view of area of Umm el-Ga’ab

Umm El-Ga’ab or Umm el-Qa'ab, it was the necropolis of the metropolis of Abydos, referred to as  “the  mother  of  pots”  by using  present day  neighborhood  residents. this become one in every of Egypt’s earliest cemeteries, utilized by the  rulers  of  the  first  dynasty  (2920–2770  b.c.e.).  second dynasty (2770–2649 b.c.e.) monuments, associated with Peribsen and Kha’sekhemwy, had been also determined on the website,  referred to as  “Peger”  in  some  data.  a few  Predynastic graves are also at Umm El-Ga’ab.

the  superstructures  of  the  royal  tombs  have  been destroyed  over  the  centuries,  exposing  the  stays  of brick-covered  burial  pits.  the  rulers  deposited  Stelae  and clay sealing in those chambers as well as ivory figurines and  mortuary  furniture.  the  tomb  of  Djer, the  2d ruler of the first dynasty, was declared the resting place of the deity Osiris. as a end result, the tomb obtained many honors and votive offerings, specially for the duration of the new nation  duration  (1550–1070  b.c.e.).  a  tomb  relationship  to the  twenty-first  dynasty  (1070–945  b.c.e.)  changed into  erected for  Psusennes,  the  son  of  the  high  priest  of  Amun, Menkheperresenb (2), at Umm El-Ga’ab. the tomb has a chapel,  burial  shaft,  and  mortuary  stela.  the  web page  is famous for the sounds made by way of the finely grained sands of  the  place.  this  sand  makes  Aeolian  melodies  whilst blown  over  the  ruins  and  the  dunes  by using  the  wind.  the Egyptians believed the sounds originated within the tombs.

Kom El Sultan (Osiris’s temple)

temple of Osiris at Kom El Sultan

Kom El Sultan turned into the principal shrine of Osiris in Abydos, now  called  Kom El Sultan  by means of  the  Egyptians. there had been many sites of worship dedicated to Osiris in the  Nile  valley  and  past,  but  the  god’s  foremost  cultic temple changed into placed in Abydos, the city devoted to him. most effective the ramparts of the temple are seen today. a limestone portico erected with the aid of Ramsesii (r. 1290–1224 b.c.e.) is also obtrusive. the temple, referred to as the Osireion in some records, dates to the third dynasty (2649–2575 b.c.e.) or possibly  in advance.  this  is  older  than  the  Osireion erected by using Seti i (r. 1306–1290 b.c.e.).

Arabet Abydos (el-Araba el Madfuna)

Temple of Seti i in Arabet Abydos

Arabet Abydos or El-araba El Madfuna, in Egypt ,Sohag. in El-araba located a massive temple of Seti i ,excavation project of ministry of antiquities history observed limestone historic Egyptian chapel from 11th dynasty.excavation came within framework of cleaning programme performed through MAH in area,after tourism antiquities police caught population trying to illegally excavate searching for artefacts.Ali El-asfar,head of historic Egyptian section at MAH  ,said chapel could be very well preserved placed 150metres n of temple of king Seti i.

Dendera (Inuit)

Dendera temple

Thebes, the capital of the sixth nome of upper Egypt and the  cultic  middle  of  the  goddess  Hathor. the  town  became called Inuit or Tantere with the aid of the Egyptians. the goddess Isis changed into also venerated within the area, and the Egyptians most important tained  a  crocodile  sanctuary  there.  in  the  early  intervals, Dendereh changed into at the trade direction from Qena to the red sea.

the  foremost  chapel,  dedicated  to  Hathor,  dates  to  the reign of khufu (cheops, 2551–2528b.c.e.), and another from  the  eleventh  dynasty  (2134–1991  b.c.e.)  become  discovered close to a sacred lake at Dendereh. the primary temple became original out of a stone platform on a sand foundation  with  a  mud-brick  enclosure  wall.  a  Propylon front  leads  to  a  transverse  hypostyle  corridor  with  24 columns.  a  second  hall  has  six  columns  and  a  brief ramp. additionally protected in the temple are the corridor of offerings, an inner vestibule, and the hall of the cycle of the gods. numerous chapels are also in the complex, the according to-ur, committed to the start of the brand new year; according to-nu, honoring the adventure of the goddess to Edfu; according to-neser, committed to the goddess as a lioness. beneath, there are 32 treasure crypts. the main temple reliefs at Dendereh also point out Pepi i (r. 2289–2255 b.c.e.), Tuthmosis iii (r.1479–1425 b.c.e.), and Ptolemy xii Auletes (r. 88–fifty eight, 55–fifty one b.c.e.). This structure additionally had a “Dendereh zodiac” relief and a sanitarium where Egyptians have been reportedly cured of sickness thru Hathor’s intercessions.

the  temple  complex  dates  to  the  sixth  dynasty (2323–2150  b.c.e.),  attributed  to  “the  followers of Horus” of that point. the existing shape dates to the Ptolemaic period (304–30 b.c.e.). the chapel of Osiris and the temple  reliefs  of  Cleopatra vii (r.  51–30  b.c.e.)  and Ptolemy xv caesarion (r.  forty four–30  b.c.e.)  attest  to  the Ptolemaic affects. 3 delivery homes, referred to as a mammisi, and a temple of isis whole the non secular complex. the necropolis of Dendereh covered tombs from the early dynastic duration (2920–2575 b.c.e.) as well as a number  of  mastabas  belonging  to  neighborhood  nomarchs. on  the western aspect of the cemetery there are brick-vaulted catacombs in which birds, cows, and dogs have been entombed in mummified form. a small chapel from montuhotep ii (r. 2161–2010  b.c.e.)  was  also  found  in  Dendereh  and now  is  in  the  Egyptian  museum  in  Cairo.  the  building commemorated  the  royal  cult  and  had  inscriptions  from Merenptah (r.  1224–1214  b.c.e.)  of  the  19 dynasty. a temple honoring the birth of Isis changed into adorned via  emperor  Augustus, and  another  shrine,  dedicated  to Horus of Edfu, became erected inside the location. sizeable building persisted in Dendereh at some point of ancient historical eras.

Abydos Fleet

Solar bark for Sesostris III

A naval force of 12 or 14 imperial vessels dis-secured covered close Abydos, exactly eight miles from the Nile. Every vessel, from 50 to 60 feet long, was encased in a mud-block pine box and pit. They date to the soonest times of Egypt. Shorter, less intricate vessels have been found at SAQQARA and HALWAN. Like the vessel found at the great pyramid of Khufu (Cheops)(, r. 2551–2528 B.C.E.) these boats were a piece of the Mortuary Ceremonies of the early periods. Unearthings at the site give indications that more vessels might be a piece of the necropolis fortunes of Abydos.