King Amenhotep II (1437-1392)

Hieroglyphic name: 
Horus name of Amenhotep II

Nebti name of Amenhotep II
Name: Amenhotep, Aakheperure, Great are the manifestations of Re, Amenhetep, Amenophis.

Amenhotep II was the son of Thutmes III and the Great Royal Wife Hatshepsut Meryet-Ra, Amenhetep II proudly extended his father's military custom. During his twenty-three years of sole rule, he fought different campaigns in Syria and boastfully narrated them on the walls of numerous of his monuments. In one case, he had 7 Syrian princes taken as captives of war, killed them, and hung them top down on the satellite wall of a temple in Thebes. He frequently discovered his athletic talents, asking that no one could equal his talents as an archer, horseman, offset or oarsman. Such boasts may have been a way of finding that he was seen as a strong, virile ruler.

Amenhetep II established at Karnak and at Luxor as well as at other Egyptian and Nubian sites. He was buried in KV 35. Four or five centuries later, the tomb was plundered. Later yet, it was used for the reburying of ten royal mummies, gone there for safekeeping by priests involved about thieveries in the Valley of the Kings. Amenhotep, the 4th pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty, was a big ruler that stood out in both horsemanship and archery. While a prince, he was broken the dominate of the naval home near Memphis. In his 1sth year as king the Asiatics rose, but to no avail. He spent his 2nd year in Syria defeating individual uprisings. His productive return to Egypt was showed by the captive officers that were hanging top down on the prow of his ship. The same were acephalous in a ceremony by Amenhotep's own hand. His son, Thutmose IV base the throne when Amenhotep died at the age of 45. His remains show signals of a systemic illness which plausibly attributed to his death. He built a court in the Temple of Luxor, that was later adorned by Tutankhamun and Horemheb. Amenhotep II's grave is in the Valley of the Kings in Thebes.



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Alabaster Sphinx at Memphis

Alabaster Sphinx at Memphis
Perchance belonging to King Amenhotep II, III, or Queen Hatshepsut. In the rests of Memphis. It was carved in honor of an stranger pharaoh during the 18th dynasty. No dedications, but it might be for Hatshepsut or Amenhotep II or III, placed on facial has. 8m (26 feet) long and 4m (13 foot) high and counts about 90 tons.

May have stood wide the Temple of Ptah along with the colossi of Ramses II. Passed many years laying on its sidelong in water, hence it is quite unsightly. Sometimes called the Calcite Sphinx  calcite is an obscure white stone that is frequently alled alabaster. It is not use often in making.

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Queen Hatshepsut (1473-1458)

Hieroglyphic name: 
Horus name of Hatshepsut
Name: Hatshepsut, Maatkare, Netjeretkhau, Wadjrenput, Weseretkau.

Stone statue of Hatshepsut
Queen Hatshepsut was the daughter of King Thutmose I and Queen Ahmose . She married her half brother, Thutmose II, by whom she had leastways one daughter, Nefrure. Hatshepsut gone regent for her stepson, Thutmose III, but she before long risen the throne in her individual right, although the date for this act is debatable. She involved that she had been assigned as heir to the throne by her father. Hatshepsut built her dead room temple at Deir el-Bahri with scenes establishing the great effects of her reign, admitting an excursion to Punt and the erecting  of  an  obelisk.  The  work  was  supervised  by  her  chief architect, Senenmut, whose relatives with the queen have been the taken of much hypothesis.

Her reign ended after 21 years, presumptively upon her dying, and her stepson  grown  sole  ruler.  Hatshepsut  initially  built  her  tomb as pharaoh's  wife  in  the  Wadi  Gabbanat  al-Qurud.  Her  sarcophagus from this tomb is now put up in the Cairo Egyptian Museum. She seems to have been buried with her father in a juncture tomb (KV20) constructed later in the Valley of the Kings. Thutmose III later frustrated to expunge all mention of his aunt, although he appears to have been on comparatively good terms with her during her dominate. Her mummy was identified in 2007 as one of two women found in KV60.



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Tomb of Khonsu

Entrance of the Tomb of Khonsu
 Khonsu was the priest of King Thuthmosis III. His tomb cult during the reign of Ramses II. First Prophet of Men-kheper-re Tuthmosis III. Good paintings of the god Montu. Entrane is through an open courtyard with two stele. The tomb is a good tansverse mansion with two endless chambers, the second with a recession in the back for the enshrine.

Inside the Tomb of Khonsu
Entrance shows family bent Ra and paitnings of birds on the roof. In the vestibule is a histrionics of a tomb and chapel at Deir el-Medina, which gives us idea of the construct of a doers village pyramidal tomb



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Tomb of Tuthmosis III (KV34)

Entrance of the tomb of Tuthmosis III
Thutmose's tomb (KV34) was discovered by Victor Loret in 1898, in the Valley of the Kings. It uses a plan which is representative of 18th dynasty tombs, with a sharp turn at the foyer preceding the burial chamber. Two stairways and two corridors provide entree to the vestibule which is led by a quadrangular chicane, or "well".

A complete version of Amduat, an serious New Kingdom funerary text, is in the vestibule, taking it the first tomb where Egyptologists got the complete text. The burial chamber, which is held by two pillars, is oval-shaped and its cap adorned with stars, symbolizing the cave of the deity Sokar. In the middle lies a extended red quartzite sarcophagus in the form of a cartouche. On the 2 pillars in the middle of the chamber there are transitions from the Litanies of Re, a text that fetes the later sun deity, who is described with the pharaoh at this time. On the other pillar is a particular image depicting Thutmosis III being breastfeed by the goddess Isis in the pretence of the tree.

The wall decorations are gone in a simple, "diagrammatic" way, imitating the manner of the cursive script one might require to see on a funerary papyrus instead than the more typically lavish wall palms seen on most other royal tomb walls. The colour is likewise muted, executed in simple black figures followed by text on a skim background with highlighting in red and pink. The decorations depict the pharaoh aiding the deities in killing Apep, the snake of chaos, thereby portion to ensure the daily rebirth of the sun as well as the pharaoh's hold resurrection.



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Tomb of Rekhmire

Entrance of the Tomb of Rekhmire
A vizier under Tuthmosis III and Amenophis II, a very easy time. His grandfather and great-grandfather were also viziers. Fast for Aswan to Assiut. Mayor of Thebes and the Steward of the temple of Amun at Karnak. An account of his duties as viizier are distinct in the tomb. Everyhting we recognize about him occurs from his tomb. Inserted ast least doubly within a century of his burial  most of the contents were carried off. First seen in modern times in 1819-22. It was later visited throughout the 19th century.

This tomb checks a courtyard lading to a vestibule then a long chapel with a high ceiling (10 feet at the entree to 27 feet at the rear). There are some 300 m2 to adorn. No ritual shot was found and it is taken that he was never forgotten in the tomb. The lobby is decorated in an archaic style similair to Middle Kingdom tombs and passes into the Chapel (D). Many daily life prospects are in the chapel, in good color and preservation.

Inside  the Tomb of Rekhmire
On the left are views of intersections ofo Egypt, on the next well is an autobiographic text. ON the northern wall are pictures of tributes paid to egypt. Tribute is of five types: 1) the people of Punt bringing incense trees, baboons, monekys and hides 2) Kefti (Crete) carrying pots and cubs 2) Kuchites (Nubians) bring giraffes, leoparts, baboons, monkeys, and dogs, and ivory, hides, and gold 4) Syraisn, brigning lots, carts, weapons and horses, a bear and an elephant, and 5 people from different lands. The quality is oustanding in the hcapel, but the ceiling is so high they are difficult to see. Six reads on the western wall show Rekhmire supervising the gathering and grooming of food. Then eight registers with prospects of labor carried out by workmen (potters, caprenters, decorators, goldworker, and masons). Then ten cross-file of the actual funeral rise. The back wall has a niche for a a stele and a false door  an Old Kingdom element. On the eastern wall are paintings o fhis sons Menkeper-re-seneb, Amenophis, and Senusret, and ten cross-file with show rites executed in front of the statue of Rekhmire. Finally, a ten-register feast scene which is the bezst cosmetic work in the tomb.



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Obelisk of Thutmosis III (Lateran obelisk)

Lateran obelisk
Thutmosis III raised great temple to Aten where he was depicted as being put up by Amun. Inside this temple, Thutmose planned on erecting his tekhen waty, or "unique obelisk". The tekhen waty was projected to stand alone, instead as part of a pair, and is the tallest obelisk ever successfully cut. It was not, however, put up until Thutmose IV set up it  thirty five years afterwards. It was later went to Rome by Emperor Constantius II and is now known as the Lateran Obelisk.



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Obelisk of Thutmosis III (Obelisk of Theodosius)

Obelisk of Thutmosis III
The Obelisk of Theodosius is the Ancient Egyptian obelisk of Pharaoh Thutmose III re-erected in the Hippodrome of Constantinople by the Roman emperor Theodosius I in the 4th century AD.

The obelisk was set up during the 18th dynasty by Pharaoh Thutmose III (1479-1425 BC), to the southeastern of the seventh pylon of the serious temple of Karnak. Constantius II (337-361 AD) had it and another obelisk transmitted along the Nile to Alexandria to remember his ventennalia or 20 years on the throne in 357. The other obelisk was put up on the spina of the Circus Maximus in Rome in the fall of that year, and is today known as the Lateran Obelisk, patch the obelisk that would gone the obelisk of Theodosius staid on in Alexandria until 390, when Theodosius I (379-395 AD) had it delighted to Constantinople and raised on the spina of the Hippodrome there.

The Obelisk of Theodosius is of red granite from Aswan and was primitively 30m tall, like the Lateran Obelisk. The lower part was bent in antiquity, probably during its transportation or re-erection, and so the obelisk is today only 18.54 m (or 19.6 m) high, or 25.6m if the base is taken. Between the four niches of the obelisk and the pedestal are four bronze cubes, used in its transfer and re-erection.

Each of its four looks has a single central column of inscription, celebrating Thutmose III's triumph over the Mitanni which took place on the trusts of the Euphrates in about 1450 BC.



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Hymn of Victory of Tuthmosis III

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The Instructions of Tuthmosis III to His Vizier

This is a showed tomb text, treated to Rekhmire, an official of Tuthmosiss  reign  and  discovered  on  the  tomb  of  this vizier at thebes. The educations are considered important for their detailed verbal description of the functions of government  and  the  standards  essential  for  the  proper judicature of national affairs at all levels.



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The Nubian Annals of Tuthmosis III

Canned at Karnak, they  think  Tuthmosiss  dispatch  through  the  first cataract,  where  he  had  the  ancient  canal.  Tuthmosis took 17 towns and districts on this campaign. In otherwise record  115  towns  and  districts  are  described,  and  on  yet another  list,  read  on  a  pylon  in  Amun's  temple,  the names of 400 towns, dominions, and regions are named.



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The Military Campaigns of Tuthmosis III

Empire of Egypt in the age of Tuthmosis III
This is a document showed at Karnak by a scriber named Thaneni and composed  of  the  records  made  during  Tuthmosis  III's activities beyond the borders of Egypt. The first drive was at Ar-Megiddo, the fort at Mount Carmel, set about in the 22nd to 23rd regnal year. The military pretend  was  inspired  by  a  revolt  started  by  the  king  of Kadesh. He and his allies expected on the road before of the mountains, and Tuthmosis III, despite the arguments of his advisers, took his army up and over Mount Carmel, single file for 40 miles. Coming out of the pass, Tuthmosis III camped north of Ar-Megiddo in the dark, using the banks of the Kina stream.  He  waited  there  until  his  smooth  force  was  prepared for battle. The enemy below saw the Egyptian drive and knew that their line of retire was prohibited. One by one they dropped their weapons and ran toward ArMegiddo for safety. The southern fender of Tuthmosis III's ground forces was on the hill at the brook, and the northern wing was northwest of the fortress. They run forward as the foeman  insecure  to  enter  Ar-Megiddo,  some  having  to rise up clotheslines to reach refuge.

Tuthmosis III'ss troops broke to gather up the abandoned  treasures  of  the  foe,  and  Kadesh  clear. The pharaoh  laid  siege  to  Ar-Megiddo.  He  put up  a  wall called  Menkheperre-is-the-Surrounder-of-the  Asiatics and then given a small force to maintain a siege. The Egyptians took Tyre in Phoenicia and other cities,  earlier  Tuthmosis  III  given  to  Thebes  to  observe the Feast of Opet. In his 24th regnal year, Tuthmosis made an elaborate march direct Palestine and Syria. There he was seen of the loyalty of the localized rulers. Tributes were sent by the Assyrians  and  other  conquered  domains.  The  following year Tuthmosis made a second inspection tour, harvest crops  and  gaining  botanical  specimens.  Other  similar campaigns was. In his 29th regnal year, Tuthmosis III led his forces to Tripolis in southern Phoenicia. Several cities in Syria and Lebanon were revolting against Egyptian rule. The Egyptians fed on fruits and grain harvesting from the local domains, and Phoenician vessels were taken. The troops of Tuthmosis  III  returned  to  Egypt  by  water.  They  took gold, lead, copper, jewels, slaves, wines, infuriate, and oils to the Nile.

The  coming  years  campaign  was  set about when Tuthmosis III sailed with his army to Simyra, near Kadesh.  The  king  of  Kadesh  was  still  at  liberty  and settled  in  rebellion,  raising  the  Phoenicians  and  others. Tuthmosis  III  gathered  up  the  princes  of  some  city-states  and  lands  to  condition  them  in  Thebes.  Once again  the  Egyptians  harvested  crops  and  brought  back treasures. In  his  31st  regnal  year,  Tuthmosis  III  returned  to Phoenicia, where he lay a revolt and took tribute  and  the  homage  of  the  Syrians.  He  likewise  garrisoned and carried forts and outposts. The harbor of Phoenicia helped as roots for inland raids and punitive violates. The  33rd  regnal  year  was  the  time  of  Tuthmosis IIIs greatest Asiatic campaign, his conquest of the arena of  the  Euphrates  River.  Tuthmosis  III  beat  Kadesh and  black  other  coastal  cities  before  moving into the  Euphrates  area.  He  brought  gravy holders  and  rafts  with his  troops  in  order  to  move  his  units  across  the  river. There he fought at Carchemish and inscribed the lands of the  Naharin,  friends  of  the  Syrians.  The  Mitannis represented  the  city  of  Carchemish.  At  the  Euphrates, Tuthmosis  erected  a  stela  beside  that  of  Tuthmosis I, his  grandfather.  Babylonian  ambassadors  went about him  at  this  time,  offering  tributes.  The  Hittites besides offered gifts.

On the way dead to the Phoenician coast, Tuthmosis III hunted elephants and was near killed by a loading bull. General Amenemhab saved the pharaoh by chopping at the elephants trunk and taking Tuthmosis III to a covering place in the rocks on the riverside. In  his  34th  regnal  year,  Tuthmosis  conducted  an inspection tour and taken tribute from Cyprus. In the next  year  he  passed  to  the  Phoenician  coast  to  defeat  arises  at  a  site  listed  as  Araina.  Prisoners,  horses, chariots,  armor,  gold,  silver,  jewelry,  goats,  and wood  were  brought  back  to  the  Nile.  He  conducted punitive  campaigns  besides  in  his  36th  and  37th  regnal years, and established to Phoenicia in the 38th regnal year. Cities  about  the  Litany  River  were  in  revolt,  and  penitentiary  raids  and  battles  gentle  them.  Cyprus  and  Syria sent  protections,  and  Tuthmosis  III  refilled  his  local garrisons. During  the  tracing  year  Tuthmosis  III  directed campaigns against the Bedouins on Egypts northeastern frontier.  He  resupplied  Phoenician  forts up  and  defeated a group named the Shasu. In his 40th and 41st regnal years, he  taken  tributes  from  Cyprus,  Kush  (the  Egyptian name  for  Nubia),  and  from  the  Syrians and Hittites.

His last campaign was conducted in his 42nd regnal year, when he was 70 years old. Tuthmosis III inscribed the field  yet  another  time  against  the  city  of  Kadesh. He demonstrated to the Orontes River, where that city and Tunip were well represented. Tunip leadership set out a mare to interrupt  the  Egyptian  cavalry,  but  General  Amenemhab pedunculate the animal and slit its abdomen, making it unattractive to the Egyptian entires and adding to the blood hunger of the horses in the battle. During these campaigns, Tuthmosis III captured 119 cities from northern Palestine and Judaea and seized 248 cities in north Syria as far to the eastside as Chaboras. These  campaigns  have  made  him  the  title  of  the Napoleon of Egypt.



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