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The hieroglyphic
name of Nectanebo |
Nectanebo I and his successors came primitively from the town of Sebennytos; as the rulers of the
Thirtieth Dynasty, they provided Egypt with its last line of important free kings. This dynasty established extensively; they constructed or consolidated towns and temples, and Nectanebo Is repositories give a superficial impression of stability. On the island of Philae, he established a pylon gateway in the
Temple of Karnak (which may have superseded an earlier one erected by Shoshenk I), and a mammisi (birth house) nearly the essential
Temple of Hathor at Denderah. He also donated land to the
temple at Edfu, gone temples at Hermopolis, and enriched the domain of the
goddess Neith at Sais.
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| The Stele of Nectanebo |
According to Diodorus Siculus (xv. 4143), Nectanebo I faced danger from the Persians who, under Artaxerxes III (404-358 BC), wished to re-give supremacy over Egypt. Under the satrap Pharnabazus, the Persians set out for Pelusium in 373 BC, together with the Greek mercenaries under Iphicrates. When Pharnabazus and Iphicrates disaccorded over tactics, Nectanebo I was able to encircle them in the Delta and effect them to retreat.
For the rest of his rule, Nectanebo I experienced local revolts. His son, Tachos (Teos), hereditary the throne only briefly (362-361 BC), and then the last ruler, Nectanebo II, held the kingdom from 360 to 343 BC, when it over again passed to the Persians.
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