Famous Pharaohs

Akhmin (Khemmis)

Location of Akhmin

Temple of Min at Akhmim

Akhmin (Khemmis) was a site almost 300 miles south of modern Cairo, described Khent Menu, or Apu by the Egyptians and Panopolis by the Greeks. Another name, Khemmis, was came from the Greeks. Akhmin attended as the capital of the ninth nome and the cultic center for the adoration of the god Min (1). The goddess Tait was as well observed in the city. A necropolis dating to the 6th Dynasty (2323-2150 B.C.E.) is on the site. Recent construction revealed a statue of Ramesses II (1290-1224 B.C.E.) in Akhmin. A second statue drawn Ramesses II's daughter, Queen Meryamun. A temple dating to Egypts Eighteenth Dynasty was likewise uncovered there. Egypts linen industry was nurtured in Akhmin in late eras. The Greek scholar Strabo saw Akhmin in the Ptolemaic Period (304-30 B.C.E.).

Recent Posts:

·        Horizon (akhet)
·        Necho II (610-595 BC)
·        Kheneres
·        Akhethotep
·        Khay
·        Nectanebo I (380-363 BC)
·        Khedebneitheret
·        Akhlane
·        Medicine in Ancient Egypt

Kemsit

The hieroglyphic
name of Kemsit

A relief showing Kemsit
(from Deir el-Bahari)

Kemsit, or Khemsit, was a royal companion of the Eleventh Dynasty. She was a member of the Harem of Montuhotep II (206-12010 B.C.E.) of the 11th Dynasty. Kemsit was buried in the pharaohs extended mortuary complex in Deir el-Bahri on the western shore of Thebes. Her Sarcophagus designated her as yet another Sole Favorite of the King.

Recent Posts:

·        Medamud
·        Kharga Oasis
·        Horizon (akhet)
·        Necho II (610-595 BC)
·        Kheneres
·        Akhethotep
·        Khay
·        Nectanebo I (380-363 BC)
·        Khedebneitheret
·        Akhlane
·        Medicine in Ancient Egypt

Medicine in Ancient Egypt

Medical instruments
from Ancient Egypt

Medicine, this science was called the Necessary Art in Ancient Egypt and supported by the Per-Ankh, the House of Life, and by schools of checking and research. Most general practicians of Egyptian medicine were priests developed in medical techniques passing from trauma to gynecology, and many special in unique fields. The Egyptian medical men saw the role of the pulse, blood, bucks, mucus, urine, and come and their anatomical lineages from the earliest periods.

Because of the mythological and magical aspects assigned to the practice of medicine in Egypt by the Greek historians, scholars have not bestowed honor upon the practices nurtured in the Nile Valley. The Greeks good many of the early Egyptian priest-physicians, however, peculiarly Imhotep of the 3rd Dynasty (2620 B.C.E.), whom they compared with their god Asclepius. When they recorded the Egyptian medical customs and procedures as history, the Greeks involved the magic and incantations used by the priest, which made medicine appear trivial or a nonrational aspect of Egyptian life. Magical spells were indeed a part of Egyptian medicine, thus the Greeks refuse was not totally wrong. Nevertheless, scholars have long known that the Egyptians carefully observed various ailments, injuries, and physical malformations and offered many ethical drugs for their ease.

Circumcision scene
from a tomb at Saqqara

Diagnostic functions for injuries and diseases were common and super in Egyptian medical practice. The physicians consulted texts and made their own observations. Each physician listed the symptoms present in a patient and then certain whether he had the skill to treat that shape. If a priest determined that a cure was potential, he reconsidered the processes, medicines, or therapeutic remedies available and acted accordingly. The physicians understood that the pulse was the Speaker of the heart, and they taken the shape known as angina. They were also aware of the relationship between the stimulated system and voluntary movements. The physicians could place lesions of the head, fractures of the vertebrae, and other complex checks. Operations were performed on the brain, and skulls recovered from graves and tombs point that the Egyptian patients lived through such processes and lived for years afterward. The human brain was not saved during the embalming process, however, deemed bad of protection in the canopic jars. Brains of the passed were normally destroyed or savaged in the actual embalming operation.

Trauma care in Egypt involved the treatment of variable bone injuries, with cranial fractures popular. Surgical procedures were provided, including the intromission of rolled linens for fractured noses and the splinting of pearls with bark, wood, linen, and veg fibers. Amputations were executed successfully, and trepanation, taking the removal of pieces of bone from the brain, was also provided to patients. Gags and wooden tubes were inserted into the mouths of patients being addressed for jaw wounds. The tubes were used to provide nourishment conveniently and to drain fluids. Brick backups and body casts were engaged to keep patients still and upright, and other materials were molded to their bodies to provision clean, sturdy bases for recovery. Flax and other fabrics were used in the clinics or medical establishments to pack wounds as well as in the treatment of sores or surgical incisions. Bandages were normally made of linen and were held with hygienic standards adopted in the nation. Priests as well used poultices, sticky strips, and cleansing agents. Other therapeutic procedures included cauterization of wounds using fire drills or white scalpels.

Recent Posts:

·        Medamud
·        Kharga Oasis
·        Horizon (akhet)
·        Necho II (610-595 BC)
·        Kheneres
·        Akhethotep
·        Khay
·        Nectanebo I (380-363 BC)
·        Khedebneitheret
·        Akhlane

Akhlane

Akhlane (Akhlamu) An ancient Semitic nomadic group in northern Syria, named the enemies of the Assyrians. In the reign of Akhenaten (Amenhotep IV, 1353-1335 B.C.E.), the Akhlane appear in the Egyptian agreement noted today as the Amarna Letters. They are drawn as a vigorous clan on the Euphrates River and in the area of the Persian Gulf. The Assyrians, who found them a formidable foe, named them the Akhlamu-Aramaeans. The Akhlane disappeared shortly after Akhenatens prevail, perchance absorbed into other civilizations or renamed in later historical periods.

Recent Posts:

·        Khamudi
·        Mayer Papyri
·        Medamud
·        Kharga Oasis
·        Horizon (akhet)
·        Necho II (610-595 BC)
·        Kheneres
·        Akhethotep
·        Khay
·        Nectanebo I (380-363 BC)
·        Khedebneitheret

Khedebneitheret

Khedebneitheret was a royal woman of the 26th Dynasty. The consort of Amasis (570-526 B.C.E.), she was maybe a girl of Apries, who was overturned by Amasis. Khedebneitheret was buried in Saqqara. She was not the older queen of Amasis.

Recent Posts:

·        Khamudi
·        Mayer Papyri
·        Medamud
·        Kharga Oasis
·        Horizon (akhet)
·        Necho II (610-595 BC)
·        Kheneres
·        Akhethotep
·        Khay
·        Nectanebo I (380-363 BC)

Nectanebo I (380-363 BC)

The hieroglyphic
name of Nectanebo

Nectanebo I and his successors came primitively from the town of Sebennytos; as the rulers of the Thirtieth Dynasty, they provided Egypt with its last line of important free kings. This dynasty established extensively; they constructed or consolidated towns and temples, and Nectanebo Is repositories give a superficial impression of stability. On the island of Philae, he established a pylon gateway in the Temple of Karnak (which may have superseded an earlier one erected by Shoshenk I), and a mammisi (birth house) nearly the essential Temple of Hathor at Denderah. He also donated land to the temple at Edfu, gone temples at Hermopolis, and enriched the domain of the goddess Neith at Sais.

The Stele of Nectanebo

According to Diodorus Siculus (xv. 4143), Nectanebo I faced danger from the Persians who, under Artaxerxes III (404-358 BC), wished to re-give supremacy over Egypt. Under the satrap Pharnabazus, the Persians set out for Pelusium in 373 BC, together with the Greek mercenaries under Iphicrates. When Pharnabazus and Iphicrates disaccorded over tactics, Nectanebo I was able to encircle them in the Delta and effect them to retreat.

For the rest of his rule, Nectanebo I experienced local revolts. His son, Tachos (Teos), hereditary the throne only briefly (362-361 BC), and then the last ruler, Nectanebo II, held the kingdom from 360 to 343 BC, when it over again passed to the Persians.

Recent Posts:

·        Akhet
·        Necho I (672-664 BC)
·        Khamudi
·        Mayer Papyri
·        Medamud
·        Kharga Oasis
·        Horizon (akhet)
·        Necho II (610-595 BC)
·        Kheneres
·        Akhethotep
·        Khay

Khay

The hieroglyphic
name of Khay

Khay was Vizier, in the latter part of the rule of Ramesses II, during the 19th dynasty. A family stela from Abydos names that Khay was the boy of Hai and Nub-em-niut. Khay's father was supposed to be greatly idolized by the Lord of the Two Lands and a Troop Commander of the goodly god. Khay's mother Nub-em-niut was a chantress of Amun and Lady of the House. Khay's wife is mentioned Yam.

The statue of Khay (Cairo)

Khay grew up as the son of the Troop Commander Hai. A stela from Abydos records that Khay started his career as the First Royal Herald of the Lord of the Two Lands. He was hot with reporting the affairs of Egypt. In year 26 of Ramesses II, Khay was established Vizier. He may have followed Paser in office. After year 40, Khay was in charge of heralding the sed jubilees held by Ramesses II. In West Silsila a stela pronounces that "The Lord of Both Lands, Usermaatre Setepenre, Lord of Crowns, Ramesses II, presented life like Re forever. His Majesty set that the Hereditary Noble and Count, God's Father beloved of the God, Guardian of Nekhen, Prophet of Maat, Judge and Dignitary, City-governor and Vizier, Khay, excused, be pointed to glorify the Jubilee fete in the entire land, passim the South and the North." The previous sed festivals had been declared by the King's Son Khaemwaset and Khay both.

Khay was buried in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, Thebes, where a muck brick pyramid belonging the tomb complex was found by the mission of Universit libre de Bruxelles in 2013. The pyramid would have stood about 15 metres (49 ft) full and was approximately 12 metres (39 ft) wide. The pyramid was crowned with a pyramidion showing Khay before the god Ra-Harakhty.

Recent Posts:

·        Akhet
·        Necho I (672-664 BC)
·        Khamudi
·        Mayer Papyri
·        Medamud
·        Kharga Oasis
·        Horizon (akhet)
·        Necho II (610-595 BC)
·        Kheneres
·        Akhethotep

Akhethotep

The hieroglyphic
name of Akhethotep

Akhethotep the formal of the Fifth Dynasty and the boy of the vizier Ptah-hotep Akhethotep attended Niuserre (2416-2392 B.C.E.) as Vizer, a position likewise held by his father before him. He also served as a judge and as an superintendent of priests took in the mortuary rituals taken at the pyramids of passed pharaohs. His grandson, Ptah-Hotep (2), the important sage famous for his Maxims, was buried in an alcove of Akhethoteps tomb. Elaborate paintings testify to the riches and prestige of this named family. Akhethotep's tomb was saw in Saqqara, close modern Cairo.

Tomb of Akhethetep:

Akhethotep, from the
mastaba of Akhethotep

The Tomb of Akhethetep, or the Mastaba of Akhethotep, is a tomb complex that was built and good at unique times in Saqqara, Giza, Egypt. It is the grave of Akhethotep, a royal official, situated near the western break of the Step Pyramid in Saqqara. Akhethotep and his son Ptahhotep Tshefi, grandson of Ptahhotep, were superior court officials during the patterns of King Djedkare (2414-2375 BC) and King Unas (Weinis), towards the end of the 5th dynasty (2494 to 2345 BC).

The tomb of Akhethetep

The tomb was described in 1903 by Georges Aaron Bndite and two female workfellow, Miss Petrie and Miss Murray. Akhethotep was a high dignitary of Ancient Egypt who gone during the Fifth Dynasty around 2400 BC and placed its expression initially. He was a son of Peseshet. Bndite excavated the tomb and assembled it in the Louvre in Paris. One of the portraying on the wall of the tomb was Akhethotep training the building of the tomb.

A sketch plan dated 1940 developed by Abd El Salam Mohammed Hussein, designer of the Department of Antiquities, placed on his explorations about the causeway of King Unis, indicates a group of tombs located about 190220 metres (620720 ft) off from the pyramid of Unis, which among others accepted the tomb of Akhethotep. The tombs were found in a depression about 10 metres (33 ft) below a wall that retained the causeway.

Recent Posts:

·        Maia
·        Akhet
·        Necho I (672-664 BC)
·        Khamudi
·        Mayer Papyri
·        Medamud
·        Kharga Oasis
·        Horizon (akhet)
·        Necho II (610-595 BC)
·        Kheneres

Kheneres

The statue of Kheneres

Kheneres was the net ruler of the Second Dynasty, the actual unifier of Egypt He dominated c. 2640 and was addressed Kheneres by Manetho, the Ptolemaic historian. Khasekhemwy is accredited with the actual completion of Egypts merger, changing his name from Khasekhem to Khasekhemwy as a result. His name after the unification meant the Two Kingdoms Are at Peace in Him.

The task was not an open one, and his three-decennary rule was turbulent. He might not have been the direct heir to Peribsen. The names of the kings Sendji, Neterka, and Neferkara seem as interlopers in some king lists, or they may have been the rebels close by Khasekhemwy. He is showed as campaigning in Dendereh, Minya, Elkab, the Faiyum, and in some northern regions that risen against his rule. The bases of his statuary announced that 47,209 rebels died in battle. Another rock vase records: Year of Fighting the Northern foe.

Khasekhemwys consort was Nimaathap (Hapnimaat or Nemaathop), and she was indicated as King bearer, being the mother belike of Nebka and Djoser. His mortuary complex at Abydos is named Shunet el-Zabib, the Storehouse of Dates. A rectangular mud-brick structure closed by thick walls, the tomb was raised with paneled walls. His second tomb in Hierakonpolis was actually a fortress that was gave. The Abydos site has a central corridor first onto 33 magazines on either incline of a burial chamber of limestone. Vast amounts of tools, vessels, beads, sealings, and gold were learned there. A scepter of gold and sard was likewise saw there.

Recent Posts:

·        Akhet
·        Necho I (672-664 BC)
·        Khamudi
·        Mayer Papyri
·        Medamud
·        Kharga Oasis
·        Horizon (akhet)
·        Necho II (610-595 BC)

Necho II (610-595 BC)

Bronze statue
of Necho II

Necho II (610-595 BC) was the son and successor of Psammetichus I, Necho II is not well presented by the monuments; in Egypt his significant chronicler is the Greek writer Herodotus. It is recorded that he was responsible for digging a canal to re-got a waterway between the Nile and the Red Sea, which had the effect of maximizing trade and commerce. He likewise provided Egypt with a fleet of triremes and placed his Phoenician sailors some Africa on a voyage that gone for three years, going from the Red Sea about the Cape and then establishing by Gibraltar.

Small part of vessel
whowing the name of
Necho II

His foreign policy took him into the centre of world events. The Assyrian empire had fallen to the Medes and the Babylonians and Necho II now got the main adversary of the Babylonian kings. Like many of his precursors, Necho II interferred in the politics of Syria/Palestine. He advertised against Josiah, king of Judah, who tried to forbid him from passing the walls of Megiddo, and when Josiah was killed, Necho II set up a compliant swayer in Judah. His ambition for global influence was passing, for within a few years, Nebuchadrezzar (son of the Babylonian king, Nabopolassar) overcome him in a extended battle at Carchemish in 605 BC. In 601 BC, Nebuchadrezzar (who was now king of Babylon) processed against Egypt, but suffered extended losses and was affected to return home. Despite his attempted forays into established politics, Necho II was an internationalist, whose interests in both foreign and home spheres went beyond Egypt itself.

Recent Posts:

·        Maya
·        Khamsin
·        Maia
·        Akhet
·        Necho I (672-664 BC)
·        Khamudi
·        Mayer Papyri
·        Medamud
·        Kharga Oasis
·        Horizon (akhet)

Horizon (akhet)

The hieroglyphic
name of Akhet

Horizon is a spiritual symbol, the akhet was a metaphysical term used to describe shrines and other religious objects. The horizon was the universe, both in the past and in the face. Temples and shrines were took the actual land of glory in which the gods occupied through time. The actual games of land upon which temples stood were addressed the primeval mounds of creation. The akhet symbol described two mounds side by face with a space in which the sun seemed at dawn.

The Aker lions defended the horizon, which was addressed the home of Horus. The pylons and gates of temples multiplied the image of the two mounds face by face, framing the light, thus serving as true images of the horizon. The window of visual aspect used in temples and capital cities by the royal families was associated with the horizon.

Recent Posts:

·        Nebyet
·        Maya
·        Khamsin
·        Maia
·        Akhet
·        Necho I (672-664 BC)
·        Khamudi
·        Mayer Papyri
·        Medamud
·        Kharga Oasis