Scorpion II

The Name of the Scorpion:

Appoint some of the times displayed as Selq, just it is not displayed in a serekh, as other pharaohs of the era were shown. The activeness movie The Scorpion King, asterisking The Rock, is fancy, naturally; but there's so rather a bit of valid certify for an Egyptian king who's generally named [Scorpion], established on the delineation of a scorpion mark with his portrayal on a macehead. The person depicted is a king, posted on the demonstration of the figure with the White Crown of Upper Egypt and the sizing of the anatomy towering over consultants and attenders. Of course, the macehead is only a fragment, and there is some dispute over whether the sign of the Scorpion is entailed as a name, or if the king is another early dynastic king and the scorpion mark is some sort of title or has some other entailing. There's a big, many-roomed tomb in Abydos (B50) that has been described as dwelling to the “Scorpion Pharaoh”, while no absolute evidence has been discovered. 
 
Is the Scorpion King a Mythical Name?
 
A late article in the New York Times has deposited that the Scorpion Pharaoh engaged war against Naqada (the most former Egyptian culture) about 3250 BCE. This is established on a series of inscriptions named the Scorpion Tableau. The heaviest thing about accommodating the existence of a maybe mythic [Scorpion King] is that his name doesn't seem in a serekh – a stylised pre-cartouche cleared by a falcon – as do the names of the other pharaohs of predynastic period and I. Generally, these early kings were acknowledged only by their “Horus Name”, a formalistic king-name that was exposed in the serekh. But these real early kings frequently were recognized only by a single signifier, [Crocodile, Scorpion, Falcon, Bull]. Even the long-familiar Narmer was called 'Catfis'. It has been recommended that Scorpion may have been a conclusion contemporary of Narmer, founded on the similiatires of the maceheads and palette ascribed to them. Scorpion was calculated to come from Hierakonpolis, a contending city to This, which bred the 1st dynasty Pharaohs. AT the time, they might have been the bag cities for contending bosses. Some serekhs have been discovered on pottery and vases that are construed by some as being Scorpion. Yet, these have likewise been record as beonging to other Pharaohs (Aha and still Crocodile) and it's potential that these marks don't even defend the Pharaohs totally. He could have come from the royal family of Hierakonpolis, besides from This, the ancestry city of the Thinite dynasty from wherefrom came his later heir Narmer, the Pharaoh Catfish. Maybe This and Hierakonpolis each were the centres of equal chiefdoms, and when Scorpion’s rule finished, This acquired an uncontested attitude as autonomous of Egypt. 
 
Narmer and Scorpion:
 
Maybe Narmer was the first king who in reality ruled undisputed throughout the country. Founded on Scorpion’s evident association with Hierakonpolis and from the stylistic similarities between his macehead and the palette and macehead ascribed to Narmer, the 2 rulers might good have been close coevals. Mace heads were discovered in the 1980s in the Main depository inside the old temple of Heirakonpolis. The macehead indicates the king with the white crown. It has been translate to show a mark of a scorpion ahead of the ruler, though this is a originative recording of the macehead. A crocodile’s tail attending down may rather link this macehead with a former ruler. It is imaginable that this king and the tomb purportedly consisting to Scorpion I are for the same man, besides an earlier person with the equal name. 

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King Iry-Hor/Ro

The name of King Iry-Hor/Ro was record as Ro. The recording of the name is confutable, the mark of the falcon "hor" over the mark of a mouth "iry". Petrie represented this as Ro (the mouth mark just), as no early king has the name of the falcon "hor" engrafted in his name. King Iry-Hor/Ro ruled around 3100 BCE, he entombed at Abydos. Iry-Hor/Ro is the oldest king recognized by name. Tomb unearthed in 1902 by Flinders Petrie. Late diggings discovered seal beliefs and potsherds with his name. In the tomb were likewise discovered details with the names Narmer and Ka, proposing that it was reopened and later offers bestowed. Atteszted to from the jars with the falcon-mouth sigil. Could not have been a king in the least, as the name never comes in a serekh or in connexion with marks arguing kingship. The falcon-mouth sign might be the mark of the royal treasury or additional office. Even so, the size and emplacement of the tomb suggest that Iry-Hor/Ro was a territorial king. 
 
Previous Posts: 
 

King Den (Udimu)

King Den’s names, Den, Udimu, Nebti Khasti, Usaphiados. In the Turin king list Den’s is Semti, but Manetho called him Hesepti.

Horus name of King Den

King Den was the 4th king on the first Dynasty. Since the king revived power in Egypt as an baby, Queen Merenith was constituted as his political consultant, which basically meant that she reined Egypt till he was able doing so himself. Den reigned Egypt for about 50 years subsequently Wadj. He was an gumptious and acrobatic person, and was artistic also. He anatomies in the Ebers papyrus as well as the Berlin medical Egyptian Papyrus. Den was militarily actibe in the Sinai Peninsula, which was absolved by his concern in protecting the mineral imaginations of the peninsula. His mortuary composite was constitutional the ancient city of Abydos, but his body was entombed at Sakkara.

When Den was old sufficiency to attend of office of his mother, he got a avid leader. He had a hearty length of reign, likely much longer so the twenty years he is afforded by Manetho. Many affairs resting of him is discovered from everyplace in Egypt, and he is by far the best attested of all kings from the 1st dynasty. His name was barely enounced "Den" the way he is commonly called, and other names were Semti, Udimu. Zemti was imported by a the hieroglyphic bless for high desert or foreign land, credibly to immortalize his efforts attaining military campaign against people at the northeast surround as well as the desert mountains in the eastern River Nile Valley. One of these military campaign* is described on a famous ivory mark, today in British Museum.

King Den had a prosperous time on the throne and art and economy seem to have flourished. Many innovations saw the daylight during his reign and he adopted the double crown to underline his dual kingship over the two countries.

King Den's tomb at the royal burial site at Abydos an average square memorial, but had a new feature in cast of a very long broad stairs leading instantly to the tomb chamber. This new architectural designing was rapidly adoptive in the private tomb sphere as well as the coming kings.

He is told to have ameliorated the brass, and on the Palermo Stone is commemorated that he had a nose count" of whole people of the north west and east" occurring in the country, apparently to see how many bailiwicks he was reigning, and could make give taxes.

Around thirty great mastabas from his reign period were established by officials from Saqqara and upward north to Abu Roash. This was far more on the rules of his predecessors who just had a few constructed on their time on the throne.

A singular seal impression from Abydos appearances the king as gold statues, when accomplishing ritual actions like harpooning a hippo.

King Den’s Tomb:

Tomb at abydos applies a lot granite, 136 accessory burials. It is bordered by a brick wall. Firstly a stairwell was amplified the burial chamber, which is 23.77 meter heights. There are two parts of stairway were apart by a wooden door. Likewise there are jar seailings and twenty ebony and ivory catchers commemorating the Den’s reign.

Recent:

* Userkaf (2498-2491)
* King Djer
* King Mernieth

Sanakhte (2686-2668)

Sanakhte (2686-2668), Sanakhte known as Nebka (in Greek known as Mesochris), was the first pharaoh of the Third Dynasty of Ancient Egypt (ruled from 2686 to 2668 BC). Sanakhte's name means 'biting protection'. He presumably gained his arrange by matrimony to a daughter of Khasekhemwy, his predecessor as pharaoh; the kingship even at this early episode being accepted down through the female line. While Sanakhte's being is attested by a mastaba tomb and a graffito among other items, his location as the initiator of the Third Dynasty of Ancient Egypt as recorded by Manetho and the Turin Canon Kings List has been acutely undermined by topical archaeological discoveries at Abydos. They ascertain beyond disbelief that it was instead Djoser who helped conceal -- and hence -- follow Khasekhemwy from seals found at the admission to the last's tomb behavior Djoser's name. (see Toby Wilkinson in Early Dynastic Egypt, (1999), p.83 & 95). It appears that Nebka was instead a later king of the Third Dynasty instead. In addition, different Djoser, few leftovers endure from Sanakhte's reign which also casts acute doubts on Manetho and the Turin Canon's traditional amount of an 18 year for this king. It must be stressed that the Turin Canon and Manetho were more than one and two thousand years detached from the time of Egypt's early Third Dynasty and would be estimated to delimit more inaccurate or unreliable facts. The Turin Canon, for command, was transcribed on papyri which dates to the reign of the New Kingdom king Ramses II who ruled Egypt from 1279-1213 BC. A large mastaba near Abydos enclosed fragments attitude his name. It also enclosed gaunt carcass, which may have been that of this king. Manetho credits a king by this name as being a particularly tall man, which is borne out by the ashes that were found.  
 
Related Posts: 
 
 
Some chapters from the book of the dead:
 
Chap. LX.VIII . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY...
Chap. LXVII. THE CHAPTER OF OPENING THE UNDERWORLD...
Chap. LXVI . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY . ...
Chap. LXV B. From the Turin Papyrus
Chap. LXV A. THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY AN...
Chap. LXIV . THE CHAPTER OF KNOWING THE "CHAPTERS ...
Chap. LXIV . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY IN...
Chap. LXIV . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY IN...
Chap. LXIII B . THE CHAPTER OF NOT BEING SCALDED W...
Chap . LXIII A. THE CHAPTER OF DRINKING WATER AND ...
Chap . LXII . THE CHAPTER OF DRINKING WATER IN THE...
Chap. LXI. THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE SOUL OF ...
Chap. LX. ANOTHER CHAPTER . From the Turin Papyrus...
Chap. LIX. THE CHAPTER OF SNUFFING THE AIR, AND OF...
Chap. LVIII . THE CHAPTER OF BREATHING THE AIR, AN...
Chap. LVII THE CHAPTER OF SNUFFING THE AIR, AND OF...
Chap. LVI . THE CHAPTER OF SNUFFING THE AIR AMONG ...
Chap. LV. THE CHAPTER OF GIVING AIR IN THE UNDERWO...
Chap. LIV. THE CHAPTER OF GIVING AIR TO THE DECEAS...
Chap. LIII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT EATING FILTH AND O...
Chap. LII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT EATING FILTH IN THE...
Chap . LI . THE CHAPTER OF NOT MARCHING TO BE OVER...
Chap. L B . THE CHAPTER OF NOT ENTERING IN UNTO TH...
Chap. LA. THE CHAPTER OF NOT ENTERING IN UNTO THE ...
Chap . XLIX . See Chapter XI
Chap. XLVIII. See Chapter X
Chap. XLVII. THE; CHAPTER OF NOT ALLOWING THE SEAT...
Chap. XLVII. THE; CHAPTER OF NOT ALLOWING THE SEAT...
Chap. XLVI . TILE CHAPTER OF NOT PERISHING AND OF ...
Chap . XLV. THE CHAPTER OF NOT SUFFERING CORRUPTIO...
Chap. XLIV . THE CHAPTER OF NOT DYING A SECOND TIM...
Chap . XLIII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE IIEA...
Chap . XLII . THE CHAP'T'ER OF DRIVING BACK THE SL...
Chap. XLI . THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING AWAY THE SLAUGH...
Chap. XL. THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING BACK THE EATER OF...
Chap . XXXIX. THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING BACK THE SERP...
Chap . XXXVIII B . THE CHAPTER OF LIVING BY AIR IN...
Chap . XXXVIII A . THE CHAPTER OF LIVING BY AIR IN...
Chap . XXXVII, THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING BACK THE; TW...
Chap. I . HERE BEGIN THE CHAPTERS OF COMING FORTH ... 

Mastaba of King Shepseskaf

The tomb is constructed of enormous blocks of limestone also was originally sheathed moment a more useful white Tura limestone casing, with a craft jaunt of titian granite. Remains of restoration texts of Prince Khaemwaset credit been drive on some of the casing blocks. The Mastaba of King Shepseskaf appears to have been built rule two steps and may credit been deliberately conceived to take the habitus of a Buto-type shrine, a lower Egyptian form of fatality which was a vaulted shape dissemble straight ends also which Karl Lepsius important as looking like a giant sarcophagus.

The tomb is entered by a sloping passageway on its northern side, about one again a half metres above ground level besides very alike to a embellish way. This descends about 20m into a gangway originally blocked by three portcullis slabs and leads to the subterranean antechamber, burial foyer and store-rooms. The antechamber and burial lobby both have ceilings constructed as a fabricated vault, like those leverage Menkaures pyramid and both of the chambers were built take cover pink granite. The burial hall contained fragments of Shepseskafs dark basalt sarcophagus, but little amassed. From the antechamber a narrow passage runs to the south and leads to six niches or store-rooms.

Mastaba of King Shepseskaf
Mastaba of King Shepseskaf

The mastaba was enclosed within two mudbrick walls, the first containing Shepseskafs mortuary temple on the eastern side. The small temple seems to swallow been constructed juice two phases, the earlier parts network brilliant with coming mudbrick additions. The older parts of the mortuary temple included a paved courtyard disguise an altar, a T-shaped tribute entry adumbrate a false door and several barracks which were probably magazines. The later mudbrick parts had a upraised courtyard built to the east with niches decorating the inner walls.

Shepseskafs causeway, constructed from white-painted mudbrick, adjoined the mortuary church at the south-eastern corner of the courtyard wall. When built, the crave causeway resembled a vaulted passageway which ought trust led reclusive to the Kings valley temple but this has not yet been discovered.

The burial monument of Shepsekaf continues as a mystery to Egyptologists. It is not clear why this king chose South Saqqara owing to the site of his tomb quite than Giza, or why he chose to construct a mastaba rather than the traditional pyramid. Jequier suggested that this individual form of royal tomb was built as a protest against the increasing relate of the priesthood of the sun-god Re the amplify form was considered now a sun symbol. As additional trot out to his theory he also points outward that Shepseskaf did not use the matter Re string his advance. Or perhaps it was simply that Giza had no appropriate berth because fresh pyramid again the kaiser therefore chose to site his tomb near Dashur where his ancestor Snefru, the founder of Dynasty IV was buried. Shepseskaf reigned for only around four years further was perhaps also limited by economic factors hold a time which may utterly have been unstable, choosing to construct a provisional obelisk which may have been later distinct to become a larger exit or pyramid.

Previous Posts:

* Shepseskaf (2504–2500)
* Archaic Period (3032-02707 BC)
*
The Old Kingdom (2707-2170 BC)
*
Middle Kingdom (2119-1793 BC)
*
New Kingdom (1550-1070 BC)
*
The Predynastic Period
*
Djoser (2687-2668 BC)
*
Khufu
*
Khafra (2558 - 2532 B.C.)
 
Some Chapters from the book of the dead:

Chap. LX.VIII . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY...
Chap. LXVII. THE CHAPTER OF OPENING THE UNDERWORLD...
Chap. LXVI . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY . ...
Chap. LXV B. From the Turin Papyrus
Chap. LXV A. THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY AN...
Chap. LXIV . THE CHAPTER OF KNOWING THE "CHAPTERS ...
Chap. LXIV . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY IN...
Chap. LXIV . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY IN...
Chap. LXIII B . THE CHAPTER OF NOT BEING SCALDED W...
Chap . LXIII A. THE CHAPTER OF DRINKING WATER AND ...
Chap . LXII . THE CHAPTER OF DRINKING WATER IN THE...
Chap. LXI. THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE SOUL OF ...
Chap. LX. ANOTHER CHAPTER . From the Turin Papyrus...
Chap. LIX. THE CHAPTER OF SNUFFING THE AIR, AND OF...
Chap. LVIII . THE CHAPTER OF BREATHING THE AIR, AN...
Chap. LVII THE CHAPTER OF SNUFFING THE AIR, AND OF...
Chap. LVI . THE CHAPTER OF SNUFFING THE AIR AMONG ...
Chap. LV. THE CHAPTER OF GIVING AIR IN THE UNDERWO...
Chap. LIV. THE CHAPTER OF GIVING AIR TO THE DECEAS...
Chap. LIII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT EATING FILTH AND O...
Chap. LII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT EATING FILTH IN THE...
Chap . LI . THE CHAPTER OF NOT MARCHING TO BE OVER...
Chap. L B . THE CHAPTER OF NOT ENTERING IN UNTO TH...
Chap. LA. THE CHAPTER OF NOT ENTERING IN UNTO THE ...
Chap . XLIX . See Chapter XI
Chap. XLVIII. See Chapter X
Chap. XLVII. THE; CHAPTER OF NOT ALLOWING THE SEAT...
Chap. XLVII. THE; CHAPTER OF NOT ALLOWING THE SEAT...
Chap. XLVI . TILE CHAPTER OF NOT PERISHING AND OF ...
Chap . XLV. THE CHAPTER OF NOT SUFFERING CORRUPTIO...
Chap. XLIV . THE CHAPTER OF NOT DYING A SECOND TIM...
Chap . XLIII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE IIEA...
Chap . XLII . THE CHAP'T'ER OF DRIVING BACK THE SL...
Chap. XLI . THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING AWAY THE SLAUGH...
Chap. XL. THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING BACK THE EATER OF...
Chap . XXXIX. THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING BACK THE SERP...
Chap . XXXVIII B . THE CHAPTER OF LIVING BY AIR IN...
Chap . XXXVIII A . THE CHAPTER OF LIVING BY AIR IN...
Chap . XXXVII, THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING BACK THE; TW...
Chap. I . HERE BEGIN THE CHAPTERS OF COMING FORTH ...  

Akhenaten and Nefertiti

The Rising of Akhenaten to the throne marked the starting of the most intriguing and controversial geological era of Egyptian history. Akhenaten had been crowned as co-regent pharaoh leastways eight years before his fathers death, but at the starting of his reign he rapidly set about applying his radical religious views. Akhenaten's grandfather (Thutmosis IV), had already hinted at a new emphasis on the adoration of the sun disc Aten, and his father had nurtured this by working the cult of the sun. Akhenaten came right out into the open and stated his fidelity to God Aten in orientation to all other Egyptian deities, though he did not instantly condemn the revere of God Amun.

The reigns of Akhenaten and Nefertiti swept only 17 years from 1352 to 1336 B.C.E. Even Akhenatens artists raised the palace, tombs, and temples with many prospects of music making. This brief period seen a dramatic change in Egyptian religion. Akhenaten collapsed the worship of Amun, the King of the Gods, and replaced the god Aten, the physical disk of the sun. He involved Amuns temples and moved the royal court from homes in Thebes and Memphis to a new metropolis at the site of Tell El-Amarna. Thus this period is named the Amarna Period and takes the reign of Tutankhamun, who reinstated the religion of Amun and taken back the royal court to Thebes. The richness and variety of the scenes of music-making establish some key styles in music in this time. Many prospects show Akhenatens six daughters taking on the sistrum and menattwo sacred rattles used in worship proposing that the royal daughters had a marked role in the musical life of Atens cult. Likewise, the presence of foreign musicians at court in draughts demonstrates the wide nature of Akhenatens reign. The outside musicians may have attended foreign wives to court, though the demonstrate that Nefertiti, his primary wife, was a foreigner is not determinate.

During the Amarna Time Period the royal daughters and the queen played the sistrum for the Aten instead than Goddess Hathor. Though Hathor had been the essential deity assorted with sistrum playing in conventional Egyptian religion, her worship was not applied during the Amarna Period. Thus the two sistra determined in the tomb of Tutankhamun and the sistrum described on a block from an Amarna constructing miss the normal decoration with Hathors head. Rather than the sistra from this period have easy handles shaped like papyrus plants. The rattle disks themselves are housed on snake-shaped poles. Perhaps the sound of the sistrum was connected with the cobra who protects the royal family.
 
Related Pages:
 
Some Chapters of the Book of the died:
 
Chap. C AND CXXIX . THE BOOK OF MAKING PERFECT TH...
Chap. XCIX. THE CHAPTER OF BRINGING ALONG A BOAT I...
Chap. XCVIII. TI- lE CHAPTER OF BRINGING ALONG A B...
Chap. XCVI AND Chap. XCVII . THE CHAPTER OF BEING...
Chap. XCV . THE CHAPTER OF BEING NIGH UNTO THOTH. ...
Chap. XCIV . THE CHAPTER OF PRAYING FOR AN INK-POT...
Chap. XCIII . THE CHAPTER OF NOT SAILING TO THE EA...
Chap . XCII . THE CHAPTER OF OPENING THE TOMB TO T...
Chap. XCI. THE CIIAPTER OF NOT LETTING THE SOUL OF...
Chap . XC. THE CFIAPTER OF DRIVING EVIL RECOLLECTI...
Chap. LXXXIX . THE CHAPTER OF CAUSING THE SOUL TO ...
Chap. LXXXVIII . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFO...
Chap . LXXXVII . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFO...
Chap. LXXXVI . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORM...
Chap . LXXXV . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORM...
Chap. LXXXIV . TIIE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFOR...
Chap. LXXXIII . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFOR...
Chap. LXXXII . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORM...
Chap. LXXXI B . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFOR...
Chap . LXXXI A . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFO...
Chap. LXXX. THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORMATI...
Chap. LXXIX . THE CHAPTER OF BEING TRANSFORMED INT...
Chap . LXXVIII. THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFOR...
Chap. LXXVII . THE CHAPTER OF MAKING THE TRANSFORM...
Chap. LXXVI . THE CHAPTER OF A MAN TRANSFORMING HI...
Chap. LXXV . THE CHAPTER OF JOURNEYING TO ANNU AND...
Chap. LXXIV . THE CHAP'T'ER OF LIFTING UP THE FEET...
Chap . LXXIII . See Chapter IX
Chap . LXXII . THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY ...
Chap. LXX. ANOTHER CHAPTER . From the Papyrus of M...
Chap . LXXI. THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY. F...
Sepa (god)
Sah (god)
Chap. LXIX. ANOTHER CHAPTER . From the Papyrus of ...
Ka
Ba

Akhenaten Tomb (KV55)

Of all the royal mummies always discovered none has ever stimulated more controversy then the one found in Akhenaten Tomb (KV55) in the Valley of the Kings.

At the starting of the 20th Century, Theodore Davis, a wealthy American digging in Egypt, discovered a tomb in which a burial from the Amarna time period had been reinterred. This tomb was distinctly incomplete, and the burial a quick one. Gilded wooden inlay panels on the floor and against the wall. They endured the damaged image of Akhenaten idolizing the sun disc and the name of Queen Tiy.

In a niche were four pretty alabaster jars that taken the internal organs of the mummies. Dwelling on the floor was a badly weakened but beautiful coffin made with thousands of spread in-lays and semi-precious rocks in the shape of particular wings. The cartouches containing the residents name had been chopped out.

When they opened the coffin they discovered a mummy covered in gold-leaf. But as they referred the mummy it collapsed to dust leaving the shovels with a pile of disjointed bones at the bottom of the coffin. But below the skeleton, the last plane of gold, appeared to have the riddled named of Akhenaten written on it. The hip was wide alike a female's. The head was extended.

What actually became of Akhenaten's mummy still stays a mystery. Fragments of sculpture and cutting from the royal tomb at Akhetaten presents that his body was primitively put there, but no mark of the mummy remains. It is potential that followers of the Aten dreaded for it's destruction, which would refuse him extended life, and moved the body to a place of refuge.

Akhenaten is maybe unfairly not accredited with being a particularly prosperous Pharaoh. Records seem to show that he allowed Egyptian determine wane but this may not be right. These ideas are placed on the famous Amarna Tabletsfound in Akhetaten in some of which Egyptian liege cities plead for assistance, but no replies|responses are preserved.

As there is no living record of Egyptian territory being lost at this period it is possible that Akhenaten was merely skilfully playing one city against the other to accomplish through diplomacy what would otherwise demand military force.
 
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Akhenaten Family

Queen Nefertiti is frequently mentioned to in history as "The Most Pretty Woman in the World." The Berlin bust seen from two dissimilar angles, is indeed, the most identified depiction of Queen Nefertiti. Assured in the workshop of the notable sculptor Thutmose, the bust is thought to be a sculptor's model. The technique which starts with a carved part of limestone, claims the stone core to be first plastered and then richly substitute. Flesh steps on the front give the bust life.

Her full lips are raised by a bold red. Although the crystal inlay is wasted from her left eye, both eyelids and brows are sharp in black. Her graceful extended neck balances the tall, flat-top crown which clothes her sleek head. The bright colors of the her necklace and crown demarcation the yellow-brown of her easy skin. While everything is etched to perfection, the one fault of the part is a broken left ear. Because this important sculpture is still in creation, it is no wonder why Nefertiti stays "The Most Pretty Woman in the World."

Nefertiti's roots are confusing. It has been proposed to me that Tiy was as well her mother. Another proposition is that Nefertiti was Akhenaten's cousin. Her strong nurse was the wife of the vizier Ay, who could have been Tiy's brother. Ay sometimes called himself "the God's father," suggesting that he might have been Akhenaten's father-in-law. Yet Ay never specifically mentions to himself as the father of Nefertiti, although there are mentions that Nefertiti's sister, Mutnojme, is marked prominently in the ornamentations of the tomb of Ay. We will never acknowledge the truth of this bloodline. Maybe they didn't know either.

This enshrine stela also from the early section of the Amarna period depicts Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and Princesses Meretaten, Mekeaten, and Ankhesenpaaten revering the Aten as a family. Dorothea Arnold in her article "Prospects of the Royal Female Image during the Amarna Time Period" discusses the superfluity of reliefs showing intimate family moments. While Akhenaten tips forward to give Meretaten a kiss, Mekeaten works on her mother's lap and regards up lovingly.

At the very time Ankhesenpaaten, the lowest, sits on Nefertiti's shoulder and plays with her earring. Arnold takes that the shrine stela "concerns to the Aten religion's concept of conception" in which the King and Queen are seen as "a earlier 'first pair." At the top of the piece, the sun-god, Aten, described by a advanced circle, extends his life-giving rays to the Royal Family. The relief uses the concept of the "window of appearances" or a shot of life. The forms are framed by a base structure which proposes the form of a square window. Aldred in his book Egyptian Art names this "a brief moment in the lives of five beings as they are caught in an act of mutual affection". In actuality, the crowned palace at Akhetaten had a window from which the royal pair could determine the city and address their matters.

It is recognized that Akhenaten and Nefertiti had 6 daughters. No son was ever presented in rests.

The names of the daughters were:

- Meritaten (about 1349 BC)
- Neferneferure and Setepenre (about1338).
- Neferneferuaten (about 1339 BC)
- Meketaten and Ankhenspaaten (about 1346 BC)

In 1337 BC the recognized family, with all Nefertiti's daughters was presented for the close time.

In 1336 BC Meketaten died in accouchement.

In 1335 Nefertiti appeared to vanish, taken dead.

This limestone rest found in the Royal Tomb at Amarna pictures Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and 2 of their daughters making an proposing to the sun-disk Aten. Akhenaten and Nefertiti hold flowers to be laid on the table below the "life-giving" beams of the Aten. The figures are etched in the other style, a feature of the early half of the Amarna period. Nefertiti, sporting the double hook headdress mentioned in the stela loyalty, is the small figure placed behind her larger plate husband. The compostion mirrors early cosmetic agencies of the royal couple. To emphasize the posture and power of the pharaoh, Egyptian iconographical custom required the female realize to be smaller in plate than the male.
 
Related Pages:

 
25- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Line Characters...
24- Hieroglyphic Signs: Musical Instruments, Writi...
23- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Offerings
22- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Vessels
21- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Cordwork, Netwo...
20- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Tools, etc.
19- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Arms and Armour...
18- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Clothing, etc.
17- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Temple Furnitur...
16- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Seats, Tables, ...
15- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Ships and Parts...
14- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Buildings
13- Hieroglyphic Signs: Heaven, Earth and Water
12- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Trees and Plant...
11- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Insects
10- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Fish
9- Hieroglyphic Signs: Amphibious Animals
8- Hieroglyphic Signs: Parts of Birds
7- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Birds
6- Hieroglyphic Signs: Members of Animals
5- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Animals
4- Hieroglyphic Signs: Members of the Body
3- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Gods and Goddess...
2- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Women
1- Hieroglyphic Signs: Figures of Men


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